This follow-up study was undertaken to assess consistencies or changes in attitudes and behavior of self-reported Mexican American drug users from 1973 (N=254) to 1977 (N=150). Analysis of the data indicated significant changes in the users' socioeconomic status, home environment, school related variables, and attitudes toward drug use. (Author)

There are a number of methods and activities clinicians can use to overcome vocal abuse in school-age children. (Author/PHR)

Four preretirement education models were analyzed in terms of their effectiveness in contributing to behavioral, informational, and attitudinal change. A statistical methodology for assessing the effectiveness of short-term training programs is also presented. (Author)

Reports a study conducted to determine whether individuals who observed others experiencing noncontingency would develop learned helplessness vicariously. Subjects were 75 college female undergraduates. (MP)

In Experiment I, the effects of a verbal warning, such as is used in Overcorrection, delivered contingently on the stereotyped mouthing behavior of two 10-year-old autistic/retarded children were examined. (Author)

Although certain disruptive behaviors of handicapped children may have changed when they were in special classes, some of these behaviors may reappear when the students return to regular classes. Here are some suggestions for ways to establish and maintain peaceful situations in the classroom. (Author/RK)

Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: standard WAIS administration; a praise condition with praise for each correct WAIS response; and a self-monitoring condition with direct feedback on response accuracy. Results indicated that specific feedback is effective in inducing IQ test performance change in normal adults. (NG)

In this criticism of an article by Herrnstein, B. F. Skinner notes that a science of behavior must deal with both phylogeny and ontogeny and that Herrnstein did not point toward a rapprochement in his article. (AM)

Assessed relative effects of therapist empathy and instructed imagination of heirarchy scenes on avoidance behavior reduction. Imagery instructions delivered in a relatively unempathetic fashion produced as much avoidance reduction as imagery instructions delivered in an empathetic manner. (Author)

For journal availability, see EC 092 078.

A nurse involved with institutionalized retarded children analyzes the value of behavior modification and describes four behavior modification programs planned and carried out by nursing staff to modify food stealing, screaming at mealtimes, excessive requests for self assurance, and unitary incontinence. (CL)

The effects of mental training on skill acquisition and performance is currently emphasized in the study of sport psychology and motor learning. This article provides the teacher and coach with general guidelines for understanding and incorporating negative thought stopping training into athletic programs. (MT)