Of 272 students surveyed, 46% reported using fake identification to obtain alcohol. Fraternity or sorority members were much more likely than other students to report using false identification to obtain alcohol. Results indicate a strong correlation among peers, frequency of drinking, and using fake identification. (RJM)

Evaluates a social development model of psychosocial predictors of drug use in Anglo and Hispanic children and adolescents. Structural equation models reveal that patterns and predictors of drug use are distinct for each sub-group, by age and ethnicity. Later drug use was primarily associated with prior use, exposure to parental and peer models of…

Examined relative influence of parenting behaviors (support, behavioral control, and psychological control) and deviant peers on trajectories of externalizing and internalizing problems in early adolescence. Found that parents' firm behavioral control seemed to halt the upward trajectory in externalizing problems among adolescents with deviant…

This study assessed how schools, neighborhoods, nuclear families, and friendship groups jointly contribute to positive change during early adolescence. Analyses showed that the four context indices modestly intercorrelated at the individual student level, but clustered more tightly at the school and neighborhood levels. Joint influence of all four…

Reviews relevant research to examine risk factors and behaviors associated with adolescent aggression and violence. Adolescent aggression and violence develop and manifest within a complex constellation of factors (individual, family, school/academic, peer-related, community and neighborhood, and situational). Different risk factors are more…

This ethnographic study investigated first-graders' social construction of their classroom computer experience. Findings showed that children constantly negotiate between their own individual and collective goals in the classroom as they create their own definition of computer use while conforming to the teacher's rules. Considers the usefulness…

Outlines a peer leadership program in the schools. Provides a brief overview of the historical roots of peer leadership and addresses the issues relevant to implementing a peer leadership program, such as selecting peer leaders, peer leaders' role in education, educators' roles, and how educators can become involved in these programs. (RJM)

Paper presents public health model of alcohol intensity and attendant consequences. Analyses examined influence of agent (beverage of choice), host (individual characteristics), and environment (contexts of drinking) on indexes of alcohol intensity and alcohol-related consequences. Analyses suggest males, adolescents who begin drinking at a…

Adaptive help seeking is a unique strategy of self-regulated learning that involves social interaction with others. This paper discusses ways in which teachers can satisfy students' self-system needs and contribute to their competencies and motivational resources required for adaptive help seeking. It also discusses how peers, within the classroom…

Etiological studies canvassing five major domains of risk are reviewed. The five domains reflect unique facets of risk that are central to many current prevention approaches and include: peer social influences, family processes, expectancies, social skills, and personality factors. Each domain is discussed with regard to major theoretical issues,…

Examined drug use, delinquency, and lifestyle correlates of "Loners" and "Socials" to study influence of peers on delinquency and drug use. Analyzed data from Monitoring the Future (1976-84) survey of high school seniors across United States. Lack of peer influence on "Loners" seemed to contribute to less delinquency…

Surveyed drinking and smoking patterns of college students (N=259) by means of a self-report questionnaire. Determined subjects' level of drinking corresponded to behavior of their parents for first two years on campus, and then shifted to that of their friends, although smoking behavior did not show this chronological trend. (Author/ABL)

Designs guidelines to facilitate communication between predominantly White faculty and minority students in three major areas of interaction: the classroom, academic advising, and evaluation. Finds students mention cultural prescriptions against speaking up. Gives a list of classroom techniques for counseling and evaluation. (NL)

Describes how two four-year-old boys, who stand out as leaders in their preschool classroom, interact with their peers and their teachers. (PCB)

Use of student self-evaluation in grading is recommended, and several ways in which self-evaluation may be incorporated into the grading process are described, including grades justified and moderated by faculty and/or peers, criteria generated by peers, weighting, combining self-evaluation with demonstration of competence, and learning and grade…