A scheme of student cognitive growth is suggested by a combination of Piaget's developmental stages and Bruner's imagery-related stages: the concrete level, for which imagery is not necessary; the concrete-imagery level, with imagery for enrichment of the concrete; the representational level, for which imagery is needed to make the translation to…

A study was conducted to determine to what extent student teaching behaviors can be changed as a result of participation in the Far West Laboratory Minicourse I, "Effective Questioning Techniques" (a program relying on microteaching, filmed instructional and model lessons, and on teacher planning and self-evaluation of his own videotaped lessons).…

This discussion of teacher expectations attempts to delineate the research steps that are needed to convincingly validate or invalidate the Pygmalion Effect. Five elements of expectancy effects are identified: (1) Information provided to teachers, (2) their expectancies, (3) behavior, (4) children's achievement and (5) intelligence. An examination…

In preparation for this publication, 16 young teachers from different grade levels and different school districts were invited to meet in group discussions and speak about their experiences. All sessions were taped; the transcript was edited and organized to show the moment of passion, crises, and growth of new teachers. The tape extracts have…

The seven papers in this book were prepared as the bases of discussions at a BEPD-sponsored conference which dealt with the ways in which teachers can make a difference in education. The conference was a followup to one held a year earlier on the topic, "Do Teachers Make a Difference." The implications which can be drawn suggest the need to make…

A study was conducted to explore the relationships between the teaching behavior of student teachers and cooperating teachers over a semester of contact. Subjects were 19 liberal arts graduates in a year-long master's degree program which included "observation-participation" experiences in the fall semester and full-time student teaching in the…

This paper reports the application of factor analysis of a large data matrix involving some 800 variables in determining the principal dimension of teacher characteristics and employs the resulting scales in testing hypotheses about similarities and differences in teacher characteristics across subcultures identified by national/racial lineage,…

This manual outlines the procedures and processes to be followed in evaluating professional growth and service of teacher personnel. Although a comprehensive evaluation should include all professional personnel, the emphasis is on beginning teachers (those in their initial year in the system) and those who, according to the principal, clearly need…

One of the most significant revelations of this paper is a recent finding that indicates that a sizeable number of nonlinear relationships between pre-post gain scores of pupils are found when measured by newer, nonstandardized instruments, which are valid and reliable. When instruments/procedures of this sort are used, the fit for pupils at both…

The study examined the question of whether training in the analysis of teaching behavior affects the self-evaluations of teachers who are given the opportunity to view and judge their own teaching performance by means of videotape recordings. Additional questions concerned the factors on which teachers focus when making their self-evaluations and…

This descriptive research study had as its major objective the development of a category system through which the teacher's physical motions in relation to his verbal actions could be analyzed with a high degree of reliability. The performances of five elementary teachers at the College Demonstration School were recorded on video tape. Narrative…

To observe the impact of teachers' verbal behavior upon the verbal behavior of students, 12 intermediate grade teachers and their classes were identified in 10 rural schools near Fresno, California. The 10 schools were chosen to participate in the study because of their in-service teacher program. Teachers from five randomly selected schools…

This study examines three areas of concern to school districts: a) the policies of supplemental remuneration for teachers currently maintained by the school districts, b) the extent of teacher absenteeism in the districts, and c) the possibility of relationships between policies for supplemental remuneration and teacher absenteeism. Five study…

This study is a systematic follow-up, undertaken by the Chicago Consortium, to evaluate the classroom performance of its graduates. Inferences about their effectiveness were made through assessments of their observed behavior, using the Classroom Observation Record (COR) and the Flanders Interaction Analysis Categories (FIAC). Trained observers…

Counselors can (and should) take an active role to reduce stress in teachers through individual and group conferences. They can help teachers find meaningful alternatives to problem situations by changing the focus from "what should be done" to "what can be done within realistic parameters."