This article examines the relationship between track placement, peer involvements, and youth misconduct and deviance. Some of the findings presented indicate that certain peer attachments serve to further heighten the significant impact of track placement on a range of negative student behaviors. (Author/EB)

In this study, men were perceived to be less masculine and less preferred as fellow participants if they were labeled homosexual. The man responsible for the primary labeling of the homosexual was perceived as more masculine and more sociable when he labeled the homosexual than when he did not. (Author/WI)

The student personnel worker offers areas of experimentation where students can test new concepts, values, and goals. In many respects it is a trial and error process to guarantee sound decision-making techniques and an ability to function in society. The student personnel worker fosters an attitude and atmosphere of freedom. (Author)

Ninth-and twelfth-graders read hypothetical situations in which an adolescent had a choice favored by parents and a choice favored by peers. Subjects picked the alternative most likely to be chosen by the adolescent. Ninth-grade boys chose the parent-approved alternative more often than ninth-grade girls or twelfth-grade boys. (Author/JAC)

Twenty trainable mentally retarded children (6-12 years old) were randomly assigned to three sessions of adult-directed or peer-directed social response training. (Author/CL)

This study reports the successful use of compulsory "peer selecting modeling" for the treatment of hostile and aggressive behavior within a special education program. The treatment procedure, a brief, situation-specific variant of peer and participant modeling, was designed for routine use by classroom teachers. (Author)

Reported are some research findings that have stimulated interest in non-competitive learning, and a classroom experience in which concepts of non-competitive learning were implemented and tested. The evidence indicates that competitiveness tends to hamper the learning process, while a non-competitive situation reduces anxiety and increases…

The author clarifies common misunderstanding about the theory that social learning is concerned with shaping of children's moral behavior through differential reinforcement, which portrays children as mere mimics of socialization agents. Social learning is defined in relation to the cognitive developmental approach to moral development and its…

A questionnaire survey in one metropolitan high school suggests that both male and female Latino students generally aspire to attend college. Parents' aspirations, peer influence, ethnic and social class awareness, and students' perception of locus of control and educational benefits are related to college aspirations. (CTM)

Practical applications of educational theory on peer groups to classroom management are discussed. (MJB)

After 20 second-grade lisping children were taught to articulate /s/ and /z/ correctly, each child invited three classmates to a session in which classmates could earn tokens contingent on the target child's correct articulation. Target children in groups using a response cost procedure produced significantly more correct responses. (Author/KM)

Analysis of multilingual acquisition processes among children at the European School of Brussels reveals how both curricular and extra-curricular factors combine to account for these students' high levels of proficiency in three or four languages. Schumann's (1979) Acculturation Model applied to one case study allows examination of how the…

Children's joint production and maintenance of a peer culture in preschool settings is crucial to their development of a social identity. Theoreticians and researchers should consider what it is actually like to be a child to understand better how children's activities model and prepare them for the adult world. (Author/JL)

Off-task and disruptive behavior in two fifth graders decreased rapidly during an intervention in which, working in dyads, they served either as peer monitors or point earners. Peer-monitor and point-earner roles, when alternated on an every-other-day basis, were equally effective in reducing inappropriate behavior. (Author/JW)

Longitudinal study of Israeli adolescents' (N=1,900) substance use found that use increased as a function of positive attitudes toward substances, use, and users; positive attitudes ascribed to peers and parents; peers' and parents' use of alcohol and drugs; personality variables; and availability of drugs at home and in the community. Describes…