The confluence model of cognitive development was tested on 7,060 children. Family size, sibling order within family sizes, and hypothesized age-dependent effects were tested. Findings indicated an inverse relationship between family size and the cognitive measures; age-dependent effects and other confluence variables were found to be…

An operant-based corrective reading program was established to study effectiveness of peer tutoring for 69 reading deficient second- to fourth-grade students who were matched on measures of initial reading ability and level of reading retardation and randomly assigned to three groups (peer tutoring only, peer tutoring with home based…

Demonstrates that audience members create specific and sometimes elaborate practical actions involving television in order to gratify particular needs in the context of family viewing. Supports a typology of the social uses of television using ethnographic research and current uses and gratifications literature. (JMF)

Data are reviewed from the US National Longitudinal Study of Educational Effects. Results from aggregate analysis are quite similar to those reported by others. When individual variation is explored, however, the effects of family configuration become relatively trivial, and the confluence theory appears untenable. (Author/MH)

This study investigates differences in psychological sex, present and past adjustment, and parental influences among homosexual cross-dressers, homosexual non-cross-dressers, applicants for sex change surgery, and heterosexuals. Homosexual non-cross-dressers and heterosexual groups had the most masculine gender role, with the sex change group…

Selected student background characteristics of graduating seniors (N=229) are analyzed in order to determine their effectiveness as predictors of college success as measured by college grade point average. Results are presented. (Author)

Investigated gender role influences on Turkish adolescents' (N=273) self-identity. Results indicate that "family" contributed most to belongingness for both males and females, followed by "friendships" and "school." Females valued friendships and education more than did males. Symbolic items, such as happiness,…

In early childhood, love, protection, and nurturing promote emotional interactions that build healthy minds. Young children are influenced by childcare, education, family, and community. A new, innovative educational model views each child as unique, avoids personality tests and labels, and promotes family-school cooperation. A sidebar presents…

Analysis of National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data on Hispanic men interviewed at age 14-17 and again at age 23-27 found that poverty in young adulthood was related to academic aptitude and family-of-origin socioeconomic resources during adolescence, educational and relocation decisions made during transition to adulthood, and labor market…

Assessed 50 male sex offenders' (enrolled in an inpatient group psychotherapy program) attitudes toward their parents. Results show attitude-toward-father scores improved significantly but attitude-toward-mother scores did not. Findings are attributed to treatment climate characteristics, greater identification with the father, and a general…

A study involving 69 female and 22 male undergraduates found participants who reported childhood emotional neglect by a primary female caregiver described greater current psychological distress and lower cohesion and adaptability in their family of origin than those reporting no neglect or neglect by a primary male caregiver. (Contains…

In the course of examining the holistic and embodied expressions of self-conceptualization among six women academics from working- and poverty-class backgrounds, artful "happenings" became a generative tool for inquiry and analysis and provided interpretive directions. The author's approach to arts-based inquiry and the value of such an approach…

Child development theories conclude that nature and nurture interactively shape individual development. Implications for education are that children learn better when they feel wanted and are in a supportive environment. Teaching needs to go beyond pure content and focus on learning how to learn. Assessment should focus on the use of knowledge…

Investigated the relationship of student exposure to selected developmental assets with indicators of thriving, using more reliable measures than previously reported. Data collected using the Youth Supplement Survey among diverse 6th-12th graders indicated that most students experienced only 3 of 12 assets. The more assets students reported, the…

Used data from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse to estimate the relative risk of initiating non-medical drug use of adolescents aged 12-17 in families without both biological parents present, compared to those living with both biological parents. Adolescents in families without both biological parents were more likely to initiate drug…