Ninety-four college males completed a management trainees' selection test that had been developed by criterion-keying. They were instructed once to answer honestly, and once to answer as a highly motivated job applicant would. "Faking" instructions resulted in significantly higher scores. (Author/GDC)

Male and female subjects from three age groups completed questionnaires on sex roles and dating orientations. Males approached dating from both a psychoaffectional and psychobiological orientation, while females approached it from a psychoaffectional orientation. Significant differences were found in dating attitudes between male and female…

A mathematics achievement test with instructions to avoid guessing wildly was given to 168 elementary school pupils who were later asked to complete all the questions using a differently colored pencil. Results showed examinees, particularly the more able students, tend to omit too many items. (CTM)

Four-year-olds attending traditional and Montessori preschools were compared on two memory tasks and on three social cognitive reasoning tasks. Although the Montessori students performed better on the recognition task, there were no other significant differences between the groups. Conclusions about the Montessori curriculum were made. (GDC)

Physicians, nurses, social workers, and counselors often fail to relate effectively to the dying and the bereaved. They must first come to terms with their own feelings about death in order to respond to others. (Author/JAC)

Presents a model of meanings in coherent conversation taking the form of a hierarchy of levels of cognitive interpolations between the stream of behavior and archetypal patterns in conversations. A study of indirect responses in conversation is reported which supports the hierarchical structure of the model. (JMF)

Explains specific writing strategies that teachers from other disciplines have used effectively in their classes. Describes the interdisciplinary project from which these strategies evolved. Focuses on designing writing assignments linked to course objectives and responding to student writing for its value as discovery learning. (RL)

The authors assert that, to promote student self-concept, a teacher must develop a positive mental image of each child. They point out positive qualities that teachers may look for and react to in four types of "problem" students: the clown, the bully, the nitpicker, and the doormat. (SJL)

Researchers observed one urban and one suburban junior high classroom, recording misbehavior incidents, teacher's response, and student's reaction to teacher's control technique. Two categories emerged for student misbehaviors (coping behaviors and challenging behaviors) and one category for teacher responses (managing behaviors). Within each…

By identifying the environmental conditions associated with alcohol abuse and alcohol use in moderation, staff can help students develop effective strategies for change. Stimulus control methods are recommended as effective behavioral change strategies. (RC)

Scores on the WISC-R and the AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale, Part I, Public School Version, were obtained for elementary school children referred for psychological services. Some adaptive behavior scores differentiated among children classified as EMR, slow-learners, or average intelligence. (Author)

Students were administered either conditional syllogism, biconditional syllogism, or conditional and biconditional syllogism tests. Analyses confirmed a tendency towards biconditionality. With conditional syllogisms, results indicated variations across forms of both major and second premises and a reversed developmental trend on problems which…

The spread of encoding concept was tested visually by having subjects view pictures which varied in contour completeness. The hypothesis was supported that as contour completeness decreased, the amount of perceptual analysis and memory performance would increase. (Author/MH)

Tests the hypothesis that, while the difference in rate of smiling to O degree v non-O degree orientations will diminish with increasing age with silent and/or unfamiliar faces, infants over 14 weeks of age should continue to discriminate between a talking familiar 0 degree face, and all other combinations of orientation, familiarity, and silent…