The standards-based reform movement has led to increased emphasis on tests, coupled with rewards and sanctions, as the basis for accountability systems. These strategies have often had unintended consequences that undermine access to education for low-achieving students rather than enhancing it. This article argues that testing is information for…

This study assessed the impact of a class-wide time-out/re-directing strategy on (a) the frequency of teacher-assigned time-outs and (b) the time students spent in disciplinary sanctions. Twelve students with emotional/behavioral disorders, enrolled in a self-contained elementary classroom were taught an alternative time-out strategy (Active…

This article presents the details of a conference discussing issues on NCLB implementation. The conference was based on a set of papers that included reviews of NCLB implementation in California, Colorado, Michigan, and New Jersey, as well as in three rural Kentucky districts and 36 big-city districts nationwide. Those analyses found that states…

Passed in 1999, the Public Schools Accountability Act (PSAA) established a results-based accountability system in California with specific performance targets for schools. The PSAA created a system of rewards and sanctions for meeting or not meeting those targets, and established assistance programs for low-performing schools. In 2001, the High…

This report discusses efforts to ensure and promote quality child care through enforcement of state standards and other activities. The Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 authorized the dispersing of funds to states for child care services through the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). These funds are used…

Opposition to corporal punishment in the United States has increased over the last 2 decades. This paper explores the legal implications of the maltreatment of children in schools, particularly corporal punishment. Despite the general opposition to corporal punishment, several issues must still be resolved. The first of these is one of definition:…

Institutional responses to vandalism and anonymous damage seldom deal with the apparent lack of respect for people and property and the failure to accept responsibility for one's environment which are at the root of the problem. The Point Ownership Program/Earn Your Environment (POP/EYE) effort at the State University of New York at Delhi attempts…

In spite of the negative aspects of her determination to be the sole motivator, controller, and martyr for the birth control movement, Margaret Sanger was a positive social force in testing and denouncing the Comstock law. The law, named for Anthony Comstock, a postal inspector who had lobbied Congress to forbid the distribution of obscene…

This book is the 12th in a series of monographs that examine various issues and controversial areas involving collective bargaining and the regulation of labor-management disputes. This volume deals with National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) policy. In particular, it describes and analyzes various NLRB-ordered remedies and discusses many of the…

This study examines the question of using controversial literature in the secondary school classroom from legal and professional standpoints and provides suggestions for activities whereby English teachers may avoid dismissal. The contents include: (1) a discussion of the question of standards, both of the community and of the profession, which…

Institutions with National Collegiate Athletic Association sanctions imposed since the July 16 reporting are listed, with the dates, sports, sanctions, and grounds for action specified. (MSE)

This paper explores what lessons can be learned from the experiences of states that instituted NCLB-like accountability systems prior to 2001 (here called first-generation accountability systems). It looks at the experiences of three smaller states (Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina), four larger ones (California, Florida, New York, Texas), and…

Expanded schooling options for disadvantaged children is one of the four major principles of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), representing the theory that competition will produce better educational opportunities for disadvantaged students and improve the performance of low-performing schools. Under NCLB, school choice is the first in a series…

Describes suitable board procedures and policies needed to clearly define the criteria for reviewing materials with regards to censorship. (CHC)

The 28 institutions currently sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for violation of association regulations are listed. For each institution, the specific violations and penalties are noted. Violations are largely in recruitment, financial aid, benefits to athletes, and program administration and penalties are in competition,…