Sixth graders in adult care during out-of-school hours were contrasted with sixth graders in self-care. Results revealed no differences between adolescents in adult care and those in self-care at home. Girls in self-care who were more distant from adult supervision and lacking in parental acceptance and firm control reported more problem behavior.…

Suggests how to reorient the typical English 1A writing course, with the help of computer technology, so that more time and effort are focused on the students' writing. Discusses critiquing, peer response, the teacher's role, and drawbacks involved. (MG)

Compares U.S. and German schooling processes, noting how the countries socialize their youth to adulthood and employment; mentions key elements in achieving good outcomes and preparing productive adults; recommends creating an appropriate balance between the country's labor force needs and the developmental needs of its individuals. (SM)

Principles for developing college academic honor codes include developing clear, specific definitions of dishonesty and applying them uniformly; using peer education and influence; appealing to students' personal integrity; reducing temptation to cheat; encouraging active student participation and critical thinking; imposing reasonable but strict…

A program in a public research university to provide mentoring for new female faculty beginning on entry to the institution is described. The program emphasizes individual professional development and institutional factors influencing women's advancement. Activities include colleague-pairing, mentor training, a mentoring agreement, and career…

A longitudinal ethnographic study of adolescent moral development in an Israeli kibbutz examined the process by which urban-born adolescents, "adopted" by the kibbutz, and their kibbutz-born peers are socialized into a cohesive group. Kibbutz educators support the development of democratic self-governing peer groups that foster community…

Studied collegial interactions of four Canadian elementary teachers and their partners participating in the Supervision for Growth program to determine the effects of collegiality on teachers' work. Using field notes and interview transcripts, found that the quality and quantity of collegial interactions covered a broad spectrum and that the…

Peers are rarely credited as the source of positive behaviors; rather credit is given to the child or the parent for doing a good job. This introduction provides an overview of some of the methodological complications involved in studying peer influence, and discusses a new model for conceptualizing peer influence. (Author/SD)

Examined influences of friends and friendships on adjustment to junior high school via self-reports, peer nominations, teacher ratings, and school records. Found that sociability and leadership increased if students had high-quality friendships, and behavior problems increased if students had friends with behavioral problems. Separate and…

Describes emerging approaches to delivery of psychological services to special-needs students including: (1) indirect delivery via consultation; (2) instructional strategies based on new views of learning and cognition; (3) increased emphasis on cooperative arrangements in classrooms; (4) use of authentic assessment procedures; and (5) peer…

A study of 114 children examined the relationship of children's competence with objects and peers during free play with stimulating, involved teacher behavior; activity setting; as well as teacher and peer presence. Results are discussed in light of current research and theory on classroom practices designed to enhance children's development. (TJQ)

An anonymous questionnaire examined alcohol use, the social context of drinking, and sensation seeking among rural seventh through 12th graders. The sensation-seeking trait proved of moderate importance in distinguishing among different alcohol abuse practices. Social context measures were effective in distinguishing among levels on each indicant…

A study was done to identify the level of independent travel considered ideal by three older adults with visual impairments. Results found that the ideal level of functioning is different from that implicitly used in traditional orientation and mobility programs. (CR)

Discusses what teachers can do to handle students with conduct disorders. After presenting a situation involving a troubled sixth grader, a child psychologist recommends avoiding labels, assuming underlying causes, advocating a full workup, and reaching out to his family; a school leader agrees and suggests pairing the child with a mentor. Four…

Examined relations between U.S., Korean, and Chinese adolescents' misconduct and their perceptions of others' behavior and attitudes toward youth misconduct. Found that U.S. youths engaged in more misconduct than other groups. Perceived behavior and sanctions of close friends were strongest predictors of misconduct in all cultures. Found unique…