Traditionally, rape has been defined as "carnal knowledge of a woman by force and against her will." The test of force has been crucial, and consent deduced. Victims were assumed to be consenting parties unless criminal circumstances could be proved. Victims were oftened questioned about past sexual behavior. Current reform efforts have attempted…

The purpose of this paper was to increase awareness of some of the ways that we, as individuals and as a society, are encouraging the crime of rape. The paper examines our ideals about sexuality, appropriate sexual roles for women and men, the relationship between sex and aggression and how these contribute to rape. Laws, court procedures and…

After the development and distinctions of the concept of deindividuation are given, a single dimension of morally relevant behavior is outlined with aggression and altruism viewed as the two extremes. This dimension is divided accoring to degree of external reinforcement control. The result is a 2x2 scheme for classifying morally relevant behavior…

Effects of the label "mentally retarded" on attitudes of peers were examined among 48 third grade pupils. Half of the Ss were shown a videotape of an actor displaying acting out behavior, while the remaining Ss were shown a videotape with the same actor engaging in passive behavior. Half of the Ss in each group were told that the actor was a…

Selected papers on behavioral disorders include the following: aggression as an indicator for rehabilitative efforts by Herbert Grossman; the evaluation of differential low rate conditioning procedures on destructive behavior by Christine Walken; a modification for non-directive therapy by Robert V. Turner; Piaget, Skinner and a comprehensive…

This paper tries to demonstrate the existence of social norms against self-evaluations that are more favorable than people deserve (over-evaluation of self) and evaluations of others that are less favorable than others deserve (under-evaluation of others). The norms are derived from a resource theory in which these norms are needed to protect…

A paper-and-pencil measure of aggressive resonse was developed to study the effects on children of exposure to television-mediated violence. Using this measure, a series of experiments was conducted using actural television programs as stimulus material. The results of these studies suggest: 1) Although the majority of children understand the…

Reported was an 8 year longitudinal study of social and antisocial behavioral correlates in 1550 third, sixth, and ninth grade children identified as either aggressive-disruptive or prosocial by their teachers. A more intensive study was made of 192 aggressive-disruptive and 192 prosocial children. Data included interviews, individual tests (such…

A workshop was held to advise the Department of Health, Education and Welfare and the National Institute of Mental Health on the development of measures of television violence. This report summarizes the discussions of the workshop, covering the need for and use of a TV violence measure, the complexity and content of the measure, and processes for…

Concentrating on television and social learning, this second volume in the series of technical reports to the Surgeon General's Scientific Advisory Committee on Television and Social Behavior consists of an overview and the reports of five investigations. The studies included are: Leifer and Roberts, "Children's Responses to Television Violence";…

To determine the effects of military service on subsequent criminal behavior, especially violent crimes, this study compared veteran and non-veteran felons incarcerated at the Texas Department of Corrections. Available programed data on inmates born since 1930 were supplemented by interview and questionnaire data on 200 veterans concerning…

There is no longer a question of whether something should be done about the impact of televised violence on children; the questions before us are what should be done, and by whom. Thus, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is engaged in an intensive self-education effort to study the economics of the television industry, and the legal and…

In the first part of this book, the nature and extent of social concern with television and its possible effects on delinquent behavior is examined, and research into the nature and causes of delinquency is reviewed. Some attention is given to mass communication research, particularly to research which has addressed itself directly to the media…

While violence on television may serve as an instigation or model for real life violence, there may be other, more positive effects of violent portrayals, such as entertainment or catharsis of hostile feelings. A study was conducted to assess the effects of violent television in natural settings with preadolescent and adolescent boys. For a…

In an extension of an earlier study by Cline, Croft, and Courrier (1973) the effects of amount of television viewing and preference for televised violence upon autonomic responses to violent and nonviolent videotaped movie sequences were examined. Thirty-six male undergraduates watched a six-minute portion of a boxing film and a six-minute portion…