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Peer reviewed
Direct linkManlove, Elizabeth E.; Vazquez, Arcel; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne – Infant and Child Development, 2008
This study examined the relationship between the complexity of thinking about children by child care teachers and observed teachers' caregiving for infants and toddlers. It was hypothesized that the perceived supportiveness of the work environment would affect this relationship. Fifty-six child care teachers completed a survey assessing complexity…
Descriptors: Work Environment, Educational Opportunities, Professional Development, Child Care
Balcomb, Frances K.; Gerken, LouAnn – Developmental Science, 2008
Many models of learning rely on accessing internal knowledge states. Yet, although infants and young children are recognized to be proficient learners, the ability to act on metacognitive information is not thought to develop until early school years. In the experiments reported here, 3.5-year-olds demonstrated memory-monitoring skills by…
Descriptors: Tests, Recognition (Psychology), Memorization, Memory
de Resende, Briseida Dogo; Ottoni, Eduardo B.; Fragaszy, Dorothy M. – Developmental Science, 2008
How do capuchin monkeys learn to use stones to crack open nuts? Perception-action theory posits that individuals explore producing varying spatial and force relations among objects and surfaces, thereby learning about affordances of such relations and how to produce them. Such learning supports the discovery of tool use. We present longitudinal…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Prediction, Social Influences, Infants
Daum, Moritz M.; Prinz, Wolfgang; Aschersleben, Gisa – Developmental Science, 2008
Infants start to interpret completed human actions as goal-directed in the second half of the first year of life. In a series of three studies, the understanding of a goal-directed but uncompleted action was investigated in 6- and 9-month-old infants using a preferential looking paradigm. Infants saw the video of an actor's reaching movement…
Descriptors: Infants, Child Development, Developmental Stages, Goal Orientation
Wilcox, Teresa; Bortfeld, Heather; Woods, Rebecca; Wruck, Eric; Boas, David A. – Developmental Science, 2008
Over the past 30 years researchers have learned a great deal about the development of object processing in infancy. In contrast, little is understood about the neural mechanisms that underlie this capacity, in large part because there are few techniques available to measure brain functioning in human infants. The present research examined the…
Descriptors: Infants, Brain, Child Development, Cognitive Processes
Christophe, Anne; Millotte, Severine; Bernal, Savita; Lidz, Jeffrey – Language and Speech, 2008
This paper focuses on how phrasal prosody and function words may interact during early language acquisition. Experimental results show that infants have access to intermediate prosodic phrases (phonological phrases) during the first year of life, and use these to constrain lexical segmentation. These same intermediate prosodic phrases are used by…
Descriptors: Nouns, Syntax, Infants, Language Processing
Scheffer, Ingrid E.; Turner, Samantha J.; Dibbens, Leanne M.; Bayly, Marta A.; Friend, Kathryn; Hodgson, Bree; Burrows, Linda; Shaw, Marie; Wei, Chen; Ullmann, Reinhard; Ropers, Hans-Hilger; Szepetowski, Pierre; Haan, Eric; Mazarib, Aziz; Afawi, Zaid; Neufeld, Miriam Y.; Andrews, P. Ian; Wallace, Geoffrey; Kivity, Sara; Lev, Dorit; Lerman-Sagie, Tally; Derry, Christopher P.; Korczyn, Amos D.; Gecz, Jozef; Mulley, John C.; Berkovic, Samuel F. – Brain, 2008
Epilepsy and Mental Retardation limited to Females (EFMR) which links to Xq22 has been reported in only one family. We aimed to determine if there was a distinctive phenotype that would enhance recognition of this disorder. We ascertained four unrelated families (two Australian, two Israeli) where seizures in females were transmitted through…
Descriptors: Epilepsy, Mental Retardation, Females, Genetics
Wellman, Henry M.; Lopez-Duran, Sarah; LaBounty, Jennifer; Hamilton, Betsy – Developmental Psychology, 2008
This research examines whether there are continuities between infant social attention and later theory of mind. Forty-five children were studied as infants and then again as 4-year-olds. Measures of infant social attention (decrement of attention during habituation to displays of intentional action) significantly predicted later theory of mind…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Infants, Social Cognition, Cognitive Processes
Bustos, Theona; Jaaniste, Tiina; Salmon, Karen; Champion, G. David – Behavior Modification, 2008
This study was designed to investigate whether a brief intervention encouraging parental coping-promoting talk within the treatment room would have beneficial effects on infant pain responses to an immunization injection. Infant-parent dyads were recruited from a 6-month immunization clinic and randomized to an intervention group (n = 25) or…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Intervention, Infants, Adolescents
Young, Susan – International Journal of Music Education, 2008
This article reports on information gathered from a set of interviews carried out with 88 mothers of under-two-year-olds. The interviews enquired about the everyday musical experiences of their babies and very young children in the home. From the process of analysis, the responses to the interviews were grouped into three main areas: musical…
Descriptors: Infants, Music Activities, Mothers, Interviews
Bertamini, Marco – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
Sensitivity to shape changes was measured, in particular detection of convexity and concavity changes. The available data are contradictory. The author used a change detection task and simple polygons to systematically manipulate convexity/concavity. Performance was high for detecting a change of sign (a new concave vertex along a convex contour…
Descriptors: Infants, Visual Perception, College Students, Visual Stimuli
Ashford, Janka; Van Lier, Pol A. C.; Timmermans, Maartje; Cuijpers, Pim; Koot, Hans M. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008
A study was conducted to evaluate whether prenatal smoking was only related to externalizing or both internalizing and externalizing problems in children from childhood to early adolescence. Results indicated that maternal smoking during pregnancy is an accurate predictor of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology among children.
Descriptors: Smoking, Mothers, Infant Mortality, Pregnancy
Reznick, J. Steven; Bauer, Patricia J. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2008
In "The Foundations of Mind," Jean Mandler describes how perceptual analysis provides a mechanism that allows infants to begin their journey into conceptual life, and subsequently to enter the advanced worlds of conceptual systems, memory, language, and consciousness. This review provides an overview of Mandler's theoretical position, celebrates…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Child Development, Schemata (Cognition), Infants
Conboy, Barbara T.; Sommerville, Jessica A.; Kuhl, Patricia K. – Developmental Psychology, 2008
The development of speech perception during the 1st year reflects increasing attunement to native language features, but the mechanisms underlying this development are not completely understood. One previous study linked reductions in nonnative speech discrimination to performance on nonlinguistic tasks, whereas other studies have shown…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Language Processing, Infants, Task Analysis
Vaish, Amrisha; Grossman, Tobias; Woodward, Amanda – Psychological Bulletin, 2008
There is ample empirical evidence for an asymmetry in the way that adults use positive versus negative information to make sense of their world; specifically, across an array of psychological situations and tasks, adults display a negativity bias, or the propensity to attend to, learn from, and use negative information far more than positive…
Descriptors: Emotional Development, Child Development, Negative Attitudes, Psychological Patterns
