Purpose: Adults who stutter (AWS) often attempt, with varying degrees of success, to suppress their stuttered speech. The ability to effectively suppress motoric behavior after initiation relies on executive functions such as nonselective inhibition. Although previous studies found that AWS were slower to inhibit manual, button-press response than…

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with negative social and occupational outcomes across the life course. However, there has been limited population-based research that quantifies the impact of ADHD on academic achievement and academic trajectories. Aims: To compare academic performance and academic…

Background and aims: Social interactions in preschool and a child's gender are, in cross-sectional studies, related to the child's overall levels of hyperactive behaviour and engagement in preschool activities. However, whether social interaction and gender can predict children's engagement and hyperactivity is not thoroughly investigated. This…

The neurodiversity paradigm is a social justice concept that reframes neurologically based conditions including autism, ADHD, and learning disabilities, as beneficial forms of diversity. A question arising from this framework is the degree to which people forge neurodiversity identities based in self-acceptance. Little is known about identity…

The number of students with disabilities and specifically students with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) entering postsecondary STEM education has been increasing in recent decades. However, many instructors and popular research-based curricula are not prepared to support such learner variation. The views and experiences of people…

This study analyzes the self-perceptions of social competence in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It compares two groups of participants, children with ADHD (N = 20) and children without ADHD (N = 20) ages between 8 and 12 years old. Sociometric questionnaires were completed by two groups of participants and 707…

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face higher levels of caregiver strain compared to parents of children with other disabilities. This study examined child clinical features that predict high levels of caregiver strain for 374 parents of children with ASD. Caregiver strain was measured using the Caregiver Strain Questionnaire…

Physical activity (PA) benefits children's cognition, in particular executive functions (EF). Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Reading Difficulties (RD) and co-occurring ADHD/RD have low levels of PA and difficulties with EF. This study evaluated a PA programme to determine recruitment, attrition, feasibility (e.g.…

Although inclusive education policies conflict with punitive discipline measures, inclusion in mainstream schools may coexist with or allow such exclusionary punitive discipline. In Latin America, however, there is scarce research on how punitive measures are distributed, and if and how they affect students with disabilities enrolled in regular…

This study addressed the higher reported failure rates and motivation of college students with ADHD. The problem addressed in this study was that ADHD students withdrew from or failed courses more frequently than non-ADHD students. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative design study was to examine why college students with ADHD were more…

ChatGPT has experienced exponential growth in its number of users since its launch in November 2022. Researchers studying early adopters of the generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot have found positive reactions from those who have used ChatGPT for reading and writing. However, this research is still in its infancy and few studies exist…

Introduction: Executive functions involve cognitive and metacognitive abilities that make up a sophisticated system that monitors and reviews conduct involved in decision-making. These functions are critical for carrying out tasks and adaptive behavior. Among its components are inhibitory and attentional control, planning, self-regulation and…

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long been associated with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) diagnoses in children; but the data used is now over 6 years old (from 2017 to 2018). Understanding the current landscape of their prevalence and association is needed to capture evolving social, environmental, and economic…

Background/purpose: This research aims to examine the effect of a Cognitive-Behavioral Coaching (CBC) model on the academic performance of adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to analyze the relationship between academic performance, self-esteem, and relationship with parents. Materials/methods: The sample comprised…

This study explored multisystem protective/risk factors for explaining resilience/adjustment in emerging adults with/without neurodevelopmental disorders facing the transition to a stressful non-academic context, mandatory military service. Participants were 904 conscripts (498 males, 55%) ages 18-25 years (M = 18.70, SD = 0.77) in four groups,…