A staff development program based on Hazel Francis' theory of individuality in learning is summarized in this bulletin. The first section provides a brief account of the principles about how individuals learn. Characteristics of the learner and characteristics of learning are outlined. In the next section, the interlinked roles of teacher and…

This paper reports selected findings from a study undertaken to investigate the formation and development of preservice teachers' perspectives and the relative roles of institutional constraints and individual actions in that process. Preservice social studies teachers' (N=21) responses to the institutional contexts in which they practice taught…

This paper discusses competing norms for justifying teacher decisions, their effects on productivity and legitimacy in teaching, and the teaching profession as a moral and learning community. Drawing on philosophical analyses and studies of elementary and secondary schools, teacher preparation, staff development, and the adoption of innovations,…

The aim of education should be the development of morally and intellectually autonomous individuals. The opposite of heteronomy, which means being governed by someone else, autonomy means being governed by oneself. Moral autonomy results from the application of "sanctions by reciprocity" in the context of mutual respect between adults…

To investigate correlates of fear of crime and physical mobility among physically vulnerable older adults, 42 community dwelling older adults twice completed a battery of tests, with 1 year intervening. The tests included Functional Health Status, Perceived Health Status, Sense of Mastery, Leave of Residence, and Fear of Crime. Crime statistics…

Families having the extraordinary caretaking demands of a developmentally delayed child are at risk for added stress, social isolation, and reduced feelings of autonomy. Stress-coping theories relevant to these families are reviewed, and specific social work roles are recommended for maintaining and developing "normalized" family resoures.…

Results of a study of the impact of sex and sex role orientation on reported self-control behaviors showed that sex did not affect self-control or satisfaction with self-control, but sex role orientation did. Androgynous persons reported using more expressed self-control than others. (PS)

Demonstrated a relationship between shyness and dysfunction in behaviors essential to career development in young adulthood: interpersonal orientation of expressed interests, frequency of career information-seeking, career decidedness, and expectations about the value of assertiveness in job interviews. Found shy men in particular significantly…

Treatment of a sexually abused woman who lacked a sense of autonomy and self-worth is described in the context of entitlement, the transient sense of being an exception to ordinary rules of morality and ethics. Entitlement in this case was considered a developmental stage of autonomy and independence of the body. (Author/JDD)

Examined patterns of concomitant support to elderly blacks from family, friends, and church members using the National Survey of Black Americans. Eight out of 10 respondents reported receiving assistance from friends, 6 out of 10 received aid from church members, and over one-half received support from family. (Author)

A computer program interpreted three subjects' (ages 6-10) microswitch activations to produce three distinct types of events (visual, auditory, and tactile). Data obtained from the computerized assessment procedure revealed idiosyncratic preference patterns for the three subjects. Results demonstrated that preferences of severely handicapped…

This article reviews the history of self-directed learning for the gifted and describes the Autonomous Learner Model (Betts, 1985) which includes a strong affective component, career development, and guidelines for a process-based scope and sequence. Guidelines are provided for developing independent study programs for gifted learners. (Author/CB)

Compares Mexican women involved in migration to understand how their sex roles and status have been affected. Uses data from two separate studies: ethnography on migrants' wives left at home in a Mexican village and a survey of unauthorized immigrants in the Los Angeles area. (SA)

Analyzes the attitudes and philosophies the writers of "Cosmopolitan" magazine convey to their readers so that English teachers may be aware of writing styles they ordinarily would not see. (DF)

The traditional values held by academicians concerning individual academic autonomy, authority, comparison among colleagues, and the source of policy are viewed from the perspective that the liberal ideal of autonomous rationality may ultimately undercut the effectiveness of the institution. (MSE)