Although we cannot see or touch time, across many cultures, we use spatial representations to think about this abstract concept. Spatial representations of time are thought to support temporal concepts that might otherwise be difficult to represent and reason about, such as the temporal component of episodic memory. One common form of spatially…

Background: The social networks of adults with intellectual disabilities are often small and may be limited to family, paid staff and others with disabilities. This study explored the social inclusion of six individuals who joined mainstream leisure clubs or became local volunteers. Method: This qualitative intervention study provided structured…

An exploratory sequential mixed-method study is designed to develop and test a comprehensive model explaining the relationships between factors associated with smartphone addiction and high school students' academic achievement. Involving two main phases of qualitative and quantitative, focus group discussions with high school students and…

To mitigate the potential damaging consequences of rapid guessing (RG), a form of noneffortful responding, researchers have proposed a number of scoring approaches. The present simulation study examines the robustness of the most popular of these approaches, the unidimensional effort-moderated (EM) scoring procedure, to multidimensional RG (i.e.,…

The main objective of this methodological article is to discuss the contribution of response times as a tool in education research. The use of response times in research is largely a legacy of the work carried out in cognitive psychology, which has made it possible to describe the cognitive processes involved in information processing. In…

This study explored the effectiveness of extended time (ET) accommodations in the 2017 NAEP Grade 8 Mathematics assessment to enhance educational equity. Analyzing NAEP process data through an XGBoost model, we examined if early interactions with assessment items could predict students' likelihood of requiring ET by identifying those who received…

Children's well-being is a multidimensional concept crucial for their overall quality of life. This study investigates the complex relationship of variables influencing children's well-being in Cyprus, using the theoretical framework of Allardt's theory of well-being. It aims to uncover underlying factors shaping children's lives among well-being,…

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the longitudinal development of physical education (PE) teacher efficacy (TE) of preservice teachers. Method: Participants included 287 preservice teachers from six U.K. higher education institutions. Data were collected over 3 years using an online questionnaire that included a validated PE…

Background: School meals were served free of charge to all public school students in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic, but some students still did not participate. Methods: In this mixed-methods study, surveys and interviews were conducted with food service directors (FSDs) from California (n = 556 surveys; n = 29 interviews) and…

Background/purpose: Student involvement in quality and useful activities during college can provide valuable experience to become a skilled person. Existing research so far has not focused on using students' free time at university, so there is no data or information about student activities during free time. This study will fill the gap in the…

After Hurricane Helene, community colleges in Western North Carolina grappled with limited digital access which resulted in the under-utilization of newly launched initiatives like Foothills Facilitating an Occupation Ready Workforce by Addressing Regional Demands (FORWARD), which was funded by the U.S. Department of Education's Rural…

This study examines the development and implementation of human resource management practices within leisure sports programs at Chinese higher education institutions. The research addresses critical challenges emerging from the sector's rapid expansion and increasing professional requirements. Using a sequential mixed-methods approach, the study…

This study aims to develop and validate effective health educational management strategies to enhance sustainable sports participation among college students. Specifically, it seeks to (i) assess the current and desirable conditions of students' sports participation and identify supporting or limiting factors, (ii) formulate targeted strategies…

Play is linked to healthy child development and is recognised in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. School breaktimes provide regular opportunities for children to play, and as such, they have been the context of a large and interdisciplinary body of research on play. Play research has diverse aims and cuts across many academic…

This study examined how unimodal and bimodal learning conditions impact L2 vocabulary processing and learning, comparing reading only (RO) and reading while listening (RWL) groups. 119 high intermediate-advanced English learners read or read-while-listening a short story embedded with 25 target pseudowords, repeated 10 times each, and had their…