Problem behaviors of 38 individuals with Cri-du-Chat syndrome, 55 individuals with Prader Willi syndrome, and 21 individuals with Smith-Magenis syndrome were investigated. All three disorders were Associated with greater ratings of problem behaviors (besides eating abnormalities and sleep abnormalities) than comparison groups. (Author/CR)

Personality-motivation was compared for age- and gender-matched individuals with Williams (n=35) or Prader-Willi (n=35) syndromes or mental retardation due to nonspecific causes (n=35). Each syndrome featured aberrant motivational profiles and similarities were found across groups in social interaction, anxiety, and orderliness. Recommendations…

This article presents an analysis of patterns of giftedness based on the triarchic theory of intelligence. The analysis distinguishes among seven different patterns of giftedness and includes: the Analyzer, the Creator, the Practitioner, the Analytical Creator, the Analytical Practitioners, the Creative Practitioner, and the Consummate Balancer.…

This article describes factors affecting the achievement of 15 highly accomplished European American women in the fields of business, higher education, and law and government. Findings indicate participants tended to attribute their success to external factors while simultaneously employing proactive strategies to overcome potential barriers.…

A study of the motor skills of 60 children (aged 8-13), 30 with moderate low vision, found that the children with low vision had poorer motor skills than did sighted children. Furthermore, the children with low vision had weaker gross motor skills, especially balance, than fine motor skills. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

This study compared characteristics of child sexual abuse cases either referred for criminal prosecution (N=587) or dropped (N=456) by investigators. Differences were found between groups in relation to child characteristics (age, sex, and ethnicity), offender characteristics (age, sex, and relationship to child), and case characteristics…

Research in temperament attempts to explain the normal range of individual differences in adjusting to stimuli, activities, and persons in the environment. Mini-series reviews temperament constructs and relates them to development of children's interpersonal and academic difficulties. They show how understanding temperamental roots of…

Investigates the personality traits that people believe to characterize moral exemplars and to compare that trait description with those for related types of exemplars. Reveals differences in personality attributions across types of exemplars and indicates that traits reflecting the Conscientiousness and Agreeableness factors were salient for the…

Using a paired comparison format, surveyed ethnic minorities' (N=193) preferences for counselor characteristics. Employed a statistical procedure for paired comparison data, which revealed that Asian Americans looked for similar attitudes and values in counselors. Counselor preferences were also related to problem type and other variables. (RJM)

Discusses the bio-psycho-social disease consequence model in rehabilitation and the model's development in the Finnish "Work Hardening Program for Chronic Pain." The theoretical background of the model is explained and the possibility of applying the model to other fields of rehabilitation is explored. (Author/CR)

Enters a discussion about the appropriate role of researchers from a dominant group in conducting research about a subordinated group. Relates one scholar's experiences as a man researching in the area of feminism. Argues that these researchers can work with integrity but that it takes self-reflection and commitment to accountability. (DSK)

This article discusses research that examined the effectiveness of cochlear implants. Findings indicate children implanted at younger ages do better, children who have been deaf a shorter time do better, and higher-level central processes such as perception, attention, learning, and memory may play important roles in explaining effectiveness…

A study involving 26 Taiwanese children (ages 6-12) with autism and 52 controls found scores on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were significantly higher for controls for categories completed and percent conceptual level. Scores on perseverative responses, perseverative errors, and non-perseverative errors were higher for those with autism.…

Personal control exercised by 74 adults from community living settings in Minnesota were evaluated. Individuals living semi-independently exercised more personal control than did residents of HCBS Waiver-funded supported living services, who had more personal control than did those living in community ICFs/MR. Personal characteristics and…

Describes a study of a clinical sample of 72 women who allegedly abused 332 children. Perspectives include whether the abuse was intrafamilial, extrafamilial, or both, and whether the abuse involved single or multiple abusers. Also examines situational factors, individual deficits, and other factors that might lead women to sexually abuse…