Reconstitutes the "involvement" aspect of T. Hirschi's bond theory to substitute routine-activity patterns (RAPs) for involvement. Self-reports of 108 college freshmen suggest that involvement reconstituted as RAPs is an effective predictor of minor acts of delinquency. (SLD)

Scores of 370 adults on the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) were correlated with General Occupational Theme (GOT) scores on the Strong Interest Inventory. Simple categorical MBTI scores were related modestly to Strong GOT scores as expected; individual continuous scores did not account for more variance in GOT than in categorical scores. (SK)

Attorneys (n=200) who rated employers' likely acceptance of requests for part-time work thought they were more likely to be approved when attorneys performed well, would be difficult to replace, had strong organizational connections, or threatened to quit. Approval was considered likely for women and for attorneys who requested part time for child…

Conducted a validity study to examine the degree to which scores on the newly developed Diagnostic Readiness Test (DRT) and National League for Nursing Pre-Admission Test scores could predict success or failure on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). Results for 5,698 students indicate that the DRT is a…

Predictions of 60 public administrators about citizen views were compared with interviews of 2257 citizens. Findings show that administrators tend to be pessimistic about citizen evaluations and that administrator predictions are worth considering as an additional component to citizen surveys. (Author/JOW)

Psychometric testing in the workplace influences who gets promoted, transferred, or mentored. The objective of such tests as the Myers Briggs Type Indicator is to forecast a worker's ability to fill a certain role in an organization and predict future behavior. (Author/JOW)

Examined intra- and inter-rater consistency of item performance estimated from an Angoff standard setting over 2 years, with 29 panelists one year, and 30 the next. Results provide evidence that item performance estimates were consistent within and across panels within and across years. Factors that might have influenced this high degree of…

Summarizes a meta-analysis of published research on dynamic assessment that reviewed 30 studies (170 effect sizes). Discusses factors that impact effect size, including the predictive ability of type of assessment for effect size. Discusses results in the context of assumptions related to dynamic assessment. (SLD)

Results of a comparison of 113 insurance company employees who left voluntarily with 113 who stayed supported a relationship between absenteeism, performance ratings, and voluntary turnover. There was no significant interaction effect. (SK)

Three experiments examined the changes in category representation that take place when children use exemplars for tasks other than classification. In Experiments 1 and 2, 6- and 10-year-old children learned to classify exemplars of a novel category and then used the same exemplars in an inferential prediction task. In a subsequent classification…

In this article, the authors consider optimal decision making in two-alternative forced-choice (TAFC) tasks. They begin by analyzing 6 models of TAFC decision making and show that all but one can be reduced to the drift diffusion model, implementing the statistically optimal algorithm (most accurate for a given speed or fastest for a given…

A single-system model of repetition priming and recognition memory is presented, which is conceptually similar to signal-detection theory. Key assumptions of the model are (a) that the same memory source contributes to both priming and recognition performance and (b) that variance of the noise associated with priming measures is greater than…

Prediction is a great skill to have in any walk of life: it can, in fact, save lives at times. While the two investigations posed in this column may not be that dramatic, they might just increase one's appreciation of some important connections between grids and rectangles and the divisors of numbers that appear in the dimensions of those…

This article discusses Johnston's estimate of the number of signing Deaf people in Australia and queries whether it adequately accounts for nonnative signers or reflects the numbers who make use of services in Auslan. It concurs with Johnston's projection of a decline in the size of this population, and discusses the ways in which the Deaf…

Most theories of decision making suggest that, when options imply tradeoffs between their attributes, conflict increases as tradeoff size increases, because greater sacrifices are to be incurred in choosing one option instead of another. An alternative view is that conflict decreases as tradeoff size increases, because stronger arguments can be…