Analyzes the decision making process used by Japanese middle school students and their parents for choosing a high school. Reveals that these decisions are highly affected by placement counseling. This process defines the students' choices, inculcates values, and offers sets of rationales for students to account for their decisions. (MJP)

Reviews the evidence on how the concept of opportunities to learn can be applied to the demand for more challenging content for all students. Concludes that students learn more if they are offered more demanding curricula. However, such curricula creates the probability of unacceptable rates of failure. (MJP)

Maintains that the explosion of information and teaching resources (multimedia, audio-visual, computer networks) represents a mixed blessing. Argues that the proliferation of information access necessitates students learning critical and evaluative skills. Discusses the implications of this for social studies instruction. (MJP)

Examines the relationship between story-telling and children's construction of meaning. Includes transcripts of children's discussions of a story involving Vietnamese refugee children. Maintains that children, especially when given encouraging contexts, can construct and discover meaningful insights. Discusses the role of the teacher in this…

Recommends broadening the scope of evaluation in moral education. Argues that past research has relied too heavily on indirect evidence (for example, gains in moral reasoning) rather than changes in behavior. Recommends further emphasis on the relationships among self-control, social control, and moral education. (MJP)

Features a self-quiz on school readiness introducing the skills children need to succeed in school. Discusses the caregiver's and teacher's role in creating an environment where children can develop the necessary traits of independence, compassion, trust, creativity, self-control, and perseverance. Delineates how these readiness skills also…

Reviews the literature on academic librarian's increased teaching role with the emergence of the Internet; discusses the changing student populations who require instruction and the skills students need for information literacy; and reviews how the Internet has affected teaching strategies, including Web-based instruction and integrating…

Outlines three major approaches to writing instruction (expressive, cognitive, and social); examines areas in which faculty, employers, and higher education policymakers agree and disagree about necessary writing skills; describes institutional structures that support writing, including writing centers, course offerings,…

Discusses the needs for restructuring the curriculum, instruction and environment of middle schools to better meet the needs of learners and teachers. Suggests that most reform today is moving toward a developmentally appropriate, child-centered approach. Issues under consideration include a definition of developmentally appropriate programs at…

Maintains that a common set of principles governs all tutoring, no matter what the age range, and extending to a variety of formats (including computers). Compares Lev Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development with "scaffolding," both concepts relating to the process of effective educational cooperation between adults and children. (MJP)

Describes changes in children, schooling, and behavior that have occurred during the 20th century. Argues for the construction of a comprehensive advisory program at the middle level, connected to the central mission of the school to achieve the outcomes of high achievement, good citizenship, strong self-concepts based on attainment, and…

Presents a series of excerpts from the UNICEF report, "The State of the World's Children 1997." The excerpts focus on the abysmal state of education for many children in developing countries. Grinding poverty, child labor, and a lack of educational support have produced a near-global crisis. (MJP)

This keynote address of the 1996 RETAIN Conference (Retention in Education for Today's American Indian Nations, University of Arizona) addresses factors affecting the retention of American Indian college students. Includes institutional strategies to meet the needs of American Indian students, student strategies to increase their chances for…

Case studies of 10 Navajo families and their children revealed several factors as to why the children did not speak Navajo, including the amount of exposure the child had to Navajo speakers, the importance of Native language within the family, and lack of parental encouragement for learning Navajo. Includes recommendations of parents for…

Recounts the case of a learning disabled sixth grader mainstreamed into a social studies class. Describes a variety of instructional strategies and activities that capitalize on the student's strengths to facilitate learning. These include critical thinking maps, semantic maps, simulations, and kinesthetic learning. (MJP)