The effect of a classification, or encoding, task on intentional free recall was examined. Examination of the serial position curves for immediate and free recall shows clear effects assigned to long-term store. Consideration of effects regarding levels of processing gives a parallel account differing only in terminology and emphasis. (CHK)

The reactions of 112 10-month-old male infants to the property of curvature were examined using a habituation paradigm with lever pressing as an instrumental response. (SB)

Three experiments explored effects of stimulus and task factors on tendency to categorize according to taxonomic relations when those relations conflict with appearances. When provided with information that constrained categorization, preschoolers and adults reliably based their decisions on taxonomic relations between physically dissimilar items.…

A study of 66 children (ages 4-9) with specific language impairments examined the effects of language impairments on naming pictures. Results found that the children with specific language impairments were slower than other children in picture naming and that the slower naming rate was not related to lexical processing. (CR)

Three experiments were designed to examine the effect on picture naming of the prior production of a word related in phonological form. Findings are consistent with a process of phoneme competition during phonological encoding. (Author/VWL)

Explored the role of age of acquisition in picture naming with a group of unbalanced, late bilinguals and a group of monolinguals. Hypothesized that effects of second language (L2)age of acquisition on l2 picture naming performance would be found (Author/VWL)

Four-, 6-, and 8-year olds were shown a test picture of three related objects and two target pictures of three objects in the same or different relation. Older subjects, but not 4-year olds, identified the relationally similar target picture when the test and target also differed in dimensions of size or color saturation and in direction of size…

Eight experiments involving 99 college students examined the role of edge-assignment in a contour matching task. Edge-matching performance was not based solely on a raw description of the edges themselves. Results suggest a pervasive tendency within the visual system to go beyond the edges toward figural shapes. (SLD)

Examined the processing of potential auditory and visual cues that differentiate statements from echoic questions. Found that both auditory and visual cues reliably conveyed statement and question intonation, were successfully synthesized, and generalized to other utterances. (Author/VWL)

Effects of variation from stimulus to stimulus in emotional tone of voice on speech perception were examined through a series of perceptual experiments. Stimuli were recorded from human speakers who produced utterances in tones of voice designed to convey affective information. Stimuli varying in talker voice and emotional the where then presented…

Small-set segmental identification experiments were conducted with three deaf-blind subjects who were highly experienced users of the Tadoma method. Systematic variations in the positioning of the hand on the speaker's face for Tadoma produced systematic effects on percent-correct scores, information transfer, and perception of individual…

This paper proposes that patterns of proximity data that have been characterized in terms of asymmetric similarity may be alternatively characterized in terms of differential bias. An additive similarity and bias model is reviewed, and it is proposed that biases can be stimulus based as well as response based. (SLD)

In first of 2 experiments, an early negative component of 400 4 to 6 year olds distinguished between happy and angry expressions. A later positive component distinguished between target and nontarget events. Both components were observed in a second experiment. Results are discussed in the context of children's allocation of attentional and memory…

In 5 experiments, 10 month olds were habituated to exemplars of a form category and tested for categorization in paired-comparison trials involving in-category versus out-of-category stimuli. Results suggest infants' internal representation for category will not include stimulus dimension not varied in exemplars from which the category was…

Preferences for moving versus static bars were assessed in 8-, 16-, and 20-week-old infants. Findings revealed that at both 16 and 20 weeks, preferences were affected only by the velocity of the bar's movement. This effect persisted at 20 weeks even when static reference features were added to the display. (RH)