This report proposes a model accountability system for the California community colleges to comply with the directives of Assembly Bill 1725 (AB 1725). The purpose of the accountability system is to provide colleges and districts, the board of governors, and the California legislature with information that will allow for the continued improvement…

Enrollment statistics and projections confirm the importance of focusing community college student recruitment and retention efforts on re-entry students. Re-entry students are a distinct and growing population whose educational requirements often differ from those of younger, traditional students. The literature on adult learners indicates that:…

This resource training manual for family advocacy workers is designed to help these workers meet the needs of families who care for adolescents with emotional disabilities. It is intended for use with a companion manual which focuses on the needs of youth themselves, and stresses that effective case management must integrally involve both youths…

Modeling and data collection efforts needed to develop a test of the effectiveness of adult literacy and language training programs in increasing the earnings of trainees are reviewed. After reviewing the framework developed for the Manpower Development and Training Act and the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) evaluations and the…

Among those who share the responsibility for developing the reading habit in children are the child's family, schools, libraries, publishers, booksellers, and the mass media. There are many ways to read, just as there are many kinds of reading materials, including poetry and narrative stories. Some children read only to follow the plot, others add…

A program sought to: (1) identify and assess the needs of Wisconsin vocational personnel teaching within fields nontraditional for their sex; (2) conduct a workshop for nontraditional staff; and (3) develop and disseminate a database of resource persons and a handbook identifying those working in occupations nontraditional for their sex. The…

The decline of blacks in mathematics is a disjuncture in education that is not easily understood. It is an issue that has been discussed and researched for decades. The purpose of this literature review was to review findings that contribute to the decline of blacks in mathematics and to explore some of the implications of this decline for…

A study examined the effects of a "pen pal" letter writing exchange on undergraduate college students and second grade children. Subjects, 23 second graders, completed a letter writing attitude survey, and then (after receiving an explanation of what a pen pal is) exchanged letters with the undergraduates over a l5-week period. Results…

Noting that conceptions of the cognitive representations and processes involved in discourse comprehension and production recently have undergone an important shift in orientation, this paper points out the importance of the shift to the conception of the nature of texts, of text understanding, and of cognitive processes in knowledge creation and…

Girls are only one of several groups that governments in Australia, as in other parts of the world, have recognized as suffering educational disadvantage. The problems of other groups are clear-cut and appropriate action plainly indicated. But in the case of girls, the causes are far more complex, entrenched in society, and education systems have…

Since elementary school counselors frequently provide or interpret achievement test scores for academic placement decisions, they must be vigilant for invalid data. Standardized norm-referenced achievement tests can underestimate achievement or potential of low-income black children because of different learning styles and test bias. Recent…

The Summer Technical Institute project was funded by the Arizona Department of Education to encourage sex equity in vocational education in the state. The project was designed to (1) encourage young women to consider technical careers, (2) provide activities to promote success and self-confidence, (3) provide an opportunity for young women to…

The Carpinteria school district in California has developed a model preschool program to bring Spanish-dominant preschool children up to a level of readiness for school that compares favorably with that of English-speaking children in the same community. That goal is achieved by developing skills in four major areas: Spanish language, cognition,…

This paper reports findings from the National Institute of Education's Napa County Project, one of four follow through projects funded over a period of four years to develop and implement instructional programs that would improve teaching practices, increase students' academic engaged rates, and increase gain on reading and mathematics achievement…

The internal/external (I/E) frame of reference model describes relations among Verbal self-concept (VSC), Math self-concept (MSC), and corresponding achievement scores (VACH, MACH). In support of the model Marsh (1986) found that: (1) VSC and MSC were nearly uncorrelated; (2) the effect of VACH on VSC, and of MACH on MSC, were positive; but (3)…