Examines Chinese adolescents' rankings of peer social status and differences between United States and Chinese adolescents in predictors of social success, to challenge the dominance hierarchy model of peer relations being based on physical traits. A total of 111 Beijing students were ranked by 300 classmates on measures of social status. Findings…

Assessed adults' stereotypes of gender-traditional and nontraditional children by analyzing undergraduates' ratings of the desirability of 25 personality traits, and their classifying children as "tomboys" or "sissies" based on 26 traits and behaviors. Results show extensive adult stereotyping of young children. Tomboys were stereotyped similar to…

Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales scores and measures of intellectual functioning obtained for 44 children (ages 4-13) with autism, 21 with pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, and 30 with developmental disorders, indicated autism and combined nonautism groups could be differentiated on socialization, daily living skills, and…

A Likert style questionnaire consisting of 60 adjectives was administered to 451 undergraduates from Beijing, Guangzhou, Taipei, and Hong Kong. Results show the core characteristics of creativity that were identical in all the samples are originality, innovativeness, thinking and observation skills, flexibility, willingness to try, self…

Investigates the effects of group personalization of instruction on the mathematics achievement and attitudes of 72 fifth-grade Taiwanese students. Personalization was accomplished by incorporating personal information and preferences provided by students into their mathematics word problems. Students were blocked by ability level, then randomly…

A study examined whether exemplar-specific or prototype representations were primarily used by 28 children (ages 10-12) with mild mental retardation in a categorization task consisting of two groups of make-believe animals whose features were ill-defined. Results indicated the children were able to acquire and use both types of representations.…

This article argues that the use of developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) as a label for infants and toddlers who are prelinguistic may prematurely label a young child. Diagnostic indicators are reviewed and suggestions for diagnostic therapy to pursue appropriate differential diagnoses in the infant-toddler population are proposed. (Contains…

A study investigated phenotypic effects seen in 114 females with premutation and 41 females (ages 18-58) with full Fragile X mental retardation gene mutation. Those with the full mutation had a greater incidence of hand-flapping, eye contact problems, special education help for reading and math, and grade retention. (Author/CR)

A British study involving 17 children with autism, 17 children with learning difficulties, and 17 controls (ages 7-13) investigated whether children with autism could correct errors on a computerized task. The children with autism were more likely than the others to fail to correct external and internal errors. (CR)

Presents a case-control study of the association between nearly lethal suicide attempts and facets of alcohol consumption; namely, drinking frequency, drinking quantity, binge drinking, alcoholism, drinking within 3 hours of suicide attempt, and age began drinking. In bivariate analyses, all measures were associated with nearly lethal suicide…

This multivariate panel study examines longer-term effects of a prevention program on trajectories of alcohol misuse and related risk factors. Analyses showed susceptibility, exposure, and alcohol misuse increased mostly linearly across adolescence and covaried positively within and across time, arguing that they exist in a mutually reinforcing…

A study investigated Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores for 362 children (ages 4-18) served in long-term family foster care by the Casey Family Program. Findings indicate that substantial proportions of children entering Casey scored in the borderline clinical or clinical range on some problem behavior scales. (Contains extensive references.)…

Evaluates the juvenile justice system focusing on the barriers children encounter when seeking appropriate counsel and the quality of representation. Includes an assessment of the appointment of counsel, pretrial preparation and trial performance, post-trial maneuvers, and appeals. Finds that the most common obstacle is the overwhelming caseloads…

Explored demographic and risk factor profiles of two groups, one with more severe depression and one with less severe depression. Depression appears to exist along a continuum, with demographic, social, and physical health predictors of subthreshold depression similar to predictors of depression as defined by the Center for Epidemiologic…

This article discusses the benefits of a mentoring program to help gifted students, including helping students to mature, to explore future careers and successes, to apply classroom knowledge, and to gain role models. Strategies for selecting students for a mentoring program and for implementing a mentoring program are provided. (Contains…