Two studies are reported involving psychology students rating silent videotapes of depressed and non-depressed patients on the basis of nonverbal cues alone. Reasonable correlations of ratings and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) D scale scores were found. Even without an instructional set to look for depression, valid ratings…

A longitudinal study examined the postschool status of 1985 and 1990 high school graduates with learning disabilities (n=289) and without disabilities (n=610). Graduates with learning disabilities were found to be employed with a frequency similar to that of peers but had significantly lower engagement rates in employment and school. (Author/CR)

Examines second-generation immigrant upward mobility in the past and provides comparisons with the present. It argues against the notion of the American economic context and racial origins of today's immigration will result in a much less favorable future for the second generation. (GR)

Explores selected family and individual factors among Mexican American women and two comparison groups of African American and non-Hispanic White women for achieving a graduate degree (master's, Ph.D.). Analysis includes the finding that early child bearing (before or during college) was the strongest predictor of Mexican American women not…

Focuses on the use of media technology to address worldwide demands for language and literacy training by means of distance instruction. In choosing technology to meet distance instructional purposes, it is necessary to use what's available, choose reliable over sophisticated technology, let program goals drive technological decisions, and…

Staff (N=40) at a residential facility for 67 children with severe mental retardation rated their most- and least-preferred children on a list of child characteristics. Traits that distinguished the two groups included physical attributes, mood, behavior, and social qualities. Small children were more preferred than large children, and some…

To further research on individual and environmental predictors of college student adjustment, surveyed 56 first-year college students. Although individual variables (e.g., problem-solving skills) were related most strongly to adjustment, environmental variables (e.g., social support) made significant incremental contributions to predictions of…

An eighteen-year longitudinal study of 1,265 New Zealand children examined the relationship between retrospective reports of physical punishment/maltreatment and rates of adjustment difficulties at age 18. Results found the children exposed to harsh or abusive treatment were at-risk for juvenile offending, substance abuse, and mental health…

A study involving 23 British women with bulimic disorders found no dimensional relationship between any form of child abuse and bulimic pathology. However, neglect and sexual abuse were correlated with dissociation. A subset of core beliefs was associated with child abuse, with different cognitive profiles associated with each trauma. (Contains…

Knowledge about Down syndrome and attitudes toward the inclusion of children with Down syndrome were examined in 2,053 community members and 538 experienced teachers. Both groups displayed reasonably accurate knowledge. However, they significantly underestimated life expectancy. Around 20% of each group believed the regular classroom was the best…

A study using a widely used clinical assessment instrument examined whether eight children (ages 9-19) with Asperger syndrome had a greater number of attention deficit symptoms than controls. Evidence of an attention deficit, as measured by a computerized test of attention, was seen in a majority of the subjects. (Contains references.) (CR)

Interviews with 372 homeless and runaway adolescents found one-half reported being physically abused and almost one-third experienced sexual abuse. Females experienced significantly higher rates of sexual abuse. Sexual minority youth experienced more physical and sexual abuse compared to heterosexual youth. Nonfamily members most often perpetrated…

This article reviews the contributions of Norman Geschwind on behavioral neurology. It discusses his novel associations between brain function/structure and behavior and findings from a recent study of 200 individuals with developmental disorders that indicate altered neuroanatomy in dyslexia may be accompanied by altered clinical neurophysiology.…

A study that followed two genetically homogenous cohorts of Finnish children born in 1966 (n=11,965) and 1965-1986 (n=9,432), found there was no change in total incidence of intellectual disability. However, there was a shift from severe and moderate towards mild; whereas profound intellectual disability remained at the same level. (Contains…

A follow-up study of 60 nonworking persons with visual impairments who contacted a vision rehabilitation agency for vocational placement services over a five-year period found that the absence of other health or physical conditions and being unemployed one year or less were significant predictors of job-seeking behavior. (Contains references.)…