Reviews a study of 12 London inner-city secondary schools, "Fifteen Thousand Hours," by Michael Rutter, Barbara Maughan, Peter Mortimore, Janet Ouston, and Alan Smith. Emphasizes the book's findings that, despite contrary evidence from studies by James Coleman and Christopher Jencks, students' success depends largely on which schools…

This article is the first of three articles in a series on the acid rain problem in recent years. Discussed are the causes of acid precipitation and its consequences for the abiotic and biotic components of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and for man-made materials. (Author/SA)

Burnout in human service organizations can be caused by funding problems, overwork, the nature of clients, and ineffective management. A social-professional support group should be a formal part of the organizational structure to provide opportunities for evaluation and feedback, as well as individual help to professionals. (JAC)

The role of organizational climate in predicting and explaining faculty attitudes toward collective bargaining at a college facing severe labor problems is assessed. Findings include: perceived power structure is the dominant predictor of attitudes toward unionization and perceived goals do not effect faculty attitudes toward unionization.…

Offers some guidelines for the management of technical professional personnel (scientists, researchers, engineers), emphasizing that these people have different philosophical approaches to their work and identify with their professional orientations rather than with the organization. Research and development management should provide for their…

Discipline policy is discussed as a reflection of broader concepts of education. Alternatives presented include: retraining administrators in organizational management and leadership; increasing student participation in policymaking; building supportive relationships within the school; culturally pluralizing school policies; and making…

The empirical research on job stress and employee health is reviewed within the context of six facets (environmental, personal, process, human consequences, organizational consequences, and time) of a seven facet conceptualization of the job stress-employee health research domain. Models are proposed for tying the facets together. (Author/SJL)

Compares traditional and modern assumptions regarding (1) purpose of education, (2) nature of education, (3) environment conducive to learning, (4) professional development, (5) educational responsibility and (6) nature of adult learning. From modern assumptions in each of the six areas draws implications for professional organizations. (CSS)

In his address at the 1979 National Business Education Assosication convention, the head of The Bendix Corporation looks at the economy, technology, and productivity as they relate to the education of business management students. He states that the business of business today is the whole sociopolitical economy. (MF)

Academics in both the industrial world and developing countries face funding declines, growing state intervention, public hostility, and corporate pressure. Simultaneously, they are experiencing internal wars over policy, curriculum, and nature of scholarly communities. In North America debates about academic freedom center on tenure and free…

College faculty peer coaching encourages better teaching while addressing the unique nature of college instruction. It is non-evaluative, based on classroom observation or instructional materials review, and targets specific instructional techniques. Programs should have clear purposes and procedures, provide formal coaching training, provide…

A new climate of racism on college and university campuses is seen as mirroring dominant patterns in society as a whole, which in turn reflects frustration, confusion, and anger over pervasive economic difficulties. Suggestions for campus response that is transformative rather than reactive are offered, including study of cultural identity through…

Describes the importance of obtaining faculty support to ensure success in college reform efforts, and reviews strategies for improving institutional climate. Discusses a survey instrument designed to measure faculty perceptions of college atmosphere and developed as part of the Fourth Paradigm Governance Model. Includes a sample faculty…

Discusses issues of management and change in library acquisitions in light of management and business literature and includes examples from academic libraries. Topics include essential elements of change, including the external environment, organizational capability, how individuals react to change; and leadership, including self-assessment and…

Describes development of the School Culture Inventory (SCI). Interviews of staff, parents, and students in three high-performing secondary schools in British Columbia identified common attitudes and values related to organizational culture, which were then used to construct student, parent, and teacher surveys comprising the SCI. Pilot testing…