The use of Restricted Environmental Stimulation Therapy (REST) as a treatment procedure was evaluated with eight autistic children of two age groups: 6 to 8 years and 9 to 11 years. The stimulation of the environment was reduced to a minimum for 48 hours. Psychological assessment was performed as well as measures of Ss' learning rates on…

The effects of photographic framing on viewer perceptions of men and women was studied across five cultural groups, enabling the comparison of Jung's theory of universal archetypes to a contemporary theory of culture-bound, learned nonverbal cues. Subjects for the study were 140 college students from five cultural groups: Anglo, Chicano, Iranian,…

The purpose of this paper is to integrate the findings of studies undertaken by Dwyer (1978) and colleagues which represent the only extended and concerted investigation of pictorial stimulus complexity as it relates to static instructional visuals. After scrutinizing all available published and unpublished reports of research in this series for…

There are difficulties associated with research to determine the relationship of pictorial illustrations and learning from instructional texts. Although pictorial illustrations are one of the most common components of instructional texts, little has been done to determine how they affect learning from texts. The research associated with this area…

Thirty-six fourth grade pupils were grouped according to reading ability in a study conducted to examine comprehension within the framework of event perception. The children were presented a sequential activity described in picture or text form and then were asked to indicate on scoring sheets which of eight test items logically fit with the event…

Knowledge of how children "read" television pictures can provide understanding of how powerful a tool television is for teaching and learning. It affects the images viewers have of themselves and of the world. Turning off television is not only turning off experiences but also turning off opportunities for learning as well as preventing youngsters…

STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT IT IS POSSIBLE TO ESTABLISH DISCRIMINATORY RESPONSES TO PAIRS OF STIMULI WITHOUT ERROR RESPONSES TO THE UNREINFORCED (S-) STIMULUS. THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF 2 METHODS OF INTRODUCING S- (FADING AND CONSTANT) AND 2 RESPONSE CONTINGENCIES (DELAY AND NO DELAY) ON THE OCCURRENCE OF S- RESPONSES.…

SECONDARY ONOMATOPOEIA, ALSO REFERRED TO AS "SOUND-SYMBOLISM," DESIGNATES THE REPRESENTATION IN SPEECH SOUNDS OF NON-ACOUSTIC EXPERIENCES. THE NON-ACOUSTIC EXPERIENCES DEALT WITH ARE VISUAL (IMPRESSIONS OF MAGNITUDE AND LUMINOSITY) AND EMOTIONAL (MOODS OF GLOOM AND HAPPINESS). THIS PAPER DESCRIBES AN EMPIRICAL STUDY DESIGNED TO EXPLORE…

This study attempts to evaluate procedures for studying hemispheric differences in newborn human infants and to determine what acoustic characteristics of speech sounds will trigger a left hemisphere (LH) repsonse. Within 48 hours of birth, 14 neonates were individually administered five aural stimuli which comprised two speech syllables, two…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were any differences between the responses made by selected college students to information presented in a visual context and to the same basic information presented in a verbal context. Selected college students were asked to respond to pictorial information and to the same basic…

The analysis of previously obtained data concerning short-term visual memory and cognition by a method suggested by Tucker is proposed. Although interesting individual differences undoubtedly exist in people's ability and capacity to process short-term visual information, studies have not generally examined these differences. In fact, conventional…

This study was designed to investigate recall in preschool children, specifically the cuing technique and possible storage-retrieval differences. Forty-eight 4-years-old were divided into two groups. In the blocked presentation condition, items were presented in category sets of three items, with all items from a single category on cards of one…

A study was made to determine 1) whether boys and girls in the same grade level learn equally well from the same types of illustration, and 2) whether identical illustrations are equally effective for boys and girls in the same grade level on tests designed to measure student achievement of different educational objectives. The study showed no…

This study is the third of three investigating attentional preference in infants. In the second study (PS 003 071), infants gave initial attentional preference to familiar patterns of visual stimuli, and later switched their preference to the unfamiliar, novel stimuli. The purpose of the present study was to duplicate these results with improved…

Two procedures were investigated in an attempt to decrease the variability of overlearning response latencies in a study-test paradigm, paired-associate task matching CVC's with response keys: (1) self-pacing the task by presenting test trial stimuli whenever the subject pressed a "home" key; and (2) instructing and shaping subjects to keep home…