Teachers can solve discipline problems, motivate students, and improve their own teaching by using writing assignments for communication purposes. Students get a chance to talk on paper, reflect on a situation, and avoid detention. Free writing can motivate students to do assignments and participate in class activities. Writing assignment…

Analyzes content and process in Western historiography. Provides a diagram that explains variations in historical approaches: inquiry moves from small to large scale; and philosophies range from the humanistic to social-scientific. Examines four historians whose work exemplifies these points on the continuum. Suggests synthesis of humanistic and…

Presents an overview and statistical profile of currently available CD-ROM databases. Trends in the following areas are discussed: types of databases available (index, source, reference, full text, numeric, software and images); subject areas covered by databases; update frequency; and pricing. A list of key publishers and software is provided.…

After a six-month investigation that found a pattern of academic abuses in North Carolina State University's men's basketball program, the University of North Carolina system's Board of Governors has adopted a broad package of sports reforms. Some of these recommendations are presented. (MLW)

Examining the existence of an identifiable domain of adult education, this article considers the increasing diversity of practice, the methodological and philosophical problems involved, changing concepts and aims of adult education, and the current climate of relativism. Proposes the concept of tradition, which helps define paradigms that change…

Six features are identified as common to modern universities and their medieval counterparts. A brief account of the range and complexity of university reforms is given, and deep reforms are accounted for in terms of the university's essential or presuppositional structure. (IAH)

Reviews speeches by former APA presidents to follow the historical development of psychology to its present status as an accepted science and profession. Discusses the nature of psychology as a discipline, science, and profession. Considers problems in the field and possible societal benefits from field research. (JS)

Claims that modern science is radically incoherent and that this incoherence lies within the practice of science. Details the work of the scientist and philosopher Charles Sanders Pierce, expounding on the difference between Rene Descartes' dualistic philosophy and Pierce's triadic view. Concludes with a brief description of the human existence.…

An elementary physical education teacher describes a successful behavior improvement program implemented at his school. Students earned points (tokens) for good behavior and physical education achievement. They lost points for inappropriate behavior. Donated prizes were awarded based on accumulated points. (IAH)

Due to an error made in printing Professor Zirkel's "Special Education Law; Recent Developments" in Volume 48 (October 13, 1988), these updates to the article are printed. Citations are organized under the following major sections: (1) diagnosis and placement; (2) treatment issues; (3) financial issues; and (4) gifted students. (MLF)

Explored characteristics of 62 adolescent students with marked need for disciplinary crisis intervention who were enrolled in school for severely emotionally disturbed. Results revealed that students with strong crisis intervention needs displayed range of behaviors that could be characterized as disturbance in conduct. Results support use of…

Discusses some parameters that account for changing assumptions about novelty across disciplinary communities. Argues that many of the insights required in a parameterized theory of newness have not yet made their way into theories of rhetoric or written composition. (MS)

Handicapped students with behavioral problems that include aggression, self-abuse, or severe withdrawal are sometimes subjected to aversive reinforcement techniques. This article provides a brief overview of the attendant debate and research, followed by a comprehensive review of the legal rulings related to aversive therapy for handicapped…

Three basic orientations to problem solving are defined and related to four profiles of problem environment. The contingency between problem-solving orientations and problem environment is presented by means of three formal models that are translated to fit the students' learning environment. Implications for further studies are discussed. (JD)

Describes a structure for designing staff development activities focusing on preventive strategies and positive relationships with all students. Positive discipline is based on optimism, respect, trust, and intentionality--essential ingredients of flourishing teacher-student relationships. Includes eight references. (MLH)