Drawing from the attributional investigations of Bernard Weiner and colleagues in the area of achievement motivation, this review addresses attribution theory and its implications for labeling of handicapped children. It is concluded that attributions, not the presence or absence of formal labels, may be the critical variable of concern.…

Investigated the relationship between locus of control and death anxiety in 99 college students. Results indicated a significant relationship between external locus of control and concern about death, and a specific differential patterning between locus of control and death anxiety. Sex differences existed on four locus of control dimensions. (WAS)

The possible use of Rotter Internal/External Locus of Control Scale in estimating situational valences through attribution is investigated. The data indicated that observing others' behavior in a high consensus, negative situation resulted in external attributions, while behavior viewed in the context of a positive situation resulted in internal…

This article provides an overview of the historical and theoretical work on adolescent substance abuse with implications for preventive interventions. The focus is on illustration of the use of four basic prevention tools: education, competency promotion, community mobilization, and natural care giving. (Author)

In a comparison of the performance of active and passive mechanically yoked subjects who learned their way through a tactile maze, it was shown that active subjects made more errors and took a greater number of trials to reach criterion than did passive subjects. (Author)

To test the hypothesis that women exhibit an externality bias in their performance attribution, male and female college students made effort, ability, luck, and task difficulty attributions for their performance on a recent course examination. Findings suggested an internality bias among men, rather than an externality bias among women. (Author/GC)

Explores the relationship of internal-external locus of control with selected personal, psychological and work-related variables across age groups. Subjects are 1,960 public school teachers divided into two age groups: 20 to 35 years and 36 to 65 years. (Author/CM)

This study examines the assessment of planning by low income families. The influence of dyadic consensus on planning; of locus of control on dyadic consensus; and of age, education, and income on locus of control are the primary foci of this study. (CT)

College subjects undertook nine cognitive tasks with different perceived sex linkages, stating their expectancy of success before performance and attributing causality for their perceived performance after each task. Results indicated that (1) females hold lower expectancies of success than males and (2) perceived sex linkage of the task also…

Reviews previous research concerning locus of control and irrational beliefs. Presents a study of females in a weight control program, who exhibited no relationships between irrationality and locus of control. Subscales of the Irrational Beliefs Test varied with program success. Use of the Internal External Locus of Control Scale is questioned.…

Underlying constructs of the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children (NSLOCSC) were identified through factor analysis and cross-validated with two similar samples of high school students. The two resultant dimensions appeared to measure Social Control (six items) and Self Control (two items). (Author/GK)

Students in a facility for the visually handicapped completed Rotter's Scale of Beliefs, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and Cantril's Self-Anchoring Striving Scale. As predicted from research with the nondisabled, external locus of control was related to low self-esteem. Neither of the aforementioned variables was related to hope. (Author)

Locus of control subjects estimated their outcomes for two term exams and final grades. Internals' estimates and actual outcomes were higher than those of externals . Internals' estimates from the first to second exam were characterized by more typical expectancy shifts demonstrating greater responsiveness to initial performance feedback.…

Reviews research on internal-external (I-E) locus of control expectancies and health attitudes and behaviors. The theoretical background of the I-E construct is described. Topics include I-E in relation to health knowledge, precautionary health practices, reactions to physical disorders, psychological responding, psychological disturbances, and…

Studied effects of suggestibility on performance within self- and external-control conditions. Subjects were assigned to experimental conditions--self-control, external-control, and no reward. Response rates of self and external groups were highest. Response rates of high-suggestibles in self-control conditions were not significantly different…