The mediating effects of sex, self-monitoring, and environmental perceptions on social density on stress were examined using 53 male and 49 female dormitory residents occupying single or triple rooms. Measures of stress included blood pressure, heart rate and psychosomatic symptomatology. The "counterintuitive" results did not support…

Describes Type-A personality as the result of mad pursuit for excellence, characteristic in Western Culture. Relaxation training and stress reduction in management, combined with careful ordering of priorities for single goal attainment, results in Type-C personalities, which implies the development of coping skills for achieving goals.…

Research indicates that, each year, children who abuse drugs start using them at an earlier age. Social attitudes that may encourage drug use and ways that parents and teachers can discourage it are discussed. A list of commonly abused drugs including symptoms, means of use, and dangers is included. (PP)

Research findings indicated that job-related tension and propensity to leave a position were highly correlated for school psychologists (N=171) high in need for clarity. Discussed correlations between other variables. (Author/RC)

Uses social systems theory to analyze the interaction of an informal group of family and friends formed around an individual in an intensive care unit. Discusses contributors to dissension including ambiguity of the task structure, fluidity of leadership and power, and failure of a utopian defense. (Author/JAC)

In two major articles a model is introduced for analyzing human adaptation to transition, and intervention strategies are presented for coping with transitions. Includes four reactions of other authors to the articles. Suggests adaptation to transition is influenced by characteristics of the transition, its supports, and by individual…

Suggests that family life educators can help break the cycle of child abuse by teaching positive discipline strategies to future parents. Teaching suggestions are offered including inviting student perspective and reaction and role playing to help students confront attitudes toward discipline. (Author/JAC)

In two studies, experienced teachers who demonstrated enthusiasm and commitment to self improvement listed causes of teacher burnout, including: (1) the repetitiveness of physical education teaching; (2) additional employment; and (3) inability to cope effectively with both teaching and coaching. (JN)

The main cause of professional burnout is stress. Both teachers and counselors are experiencing professional burnout in increasingly significant numbers. Solutions to the problem of professional burnout include: (1) a more realistic professional training; (2) improvement of organizational structure; and (3) relaxation techniques. (JN)

A study examined the sources of stress and satisfaction for Black students in two large, urban southwestern universities, one predominantly Black, the other predominantly White. The study investigated the effects of these college environments on academic performance, vocational aspirations, cognitive growth, and competitive performance in…

A random survey of 230 school personnel in various role-groups in a British Columbia school district suggested that an identifiable stress cycle occurs with agreed pattern and regularity and is measurable and statistically significant. Elementary as compared to secondary teachers identified a meaningfully different stress cycle over the school…

Discusses pressures on education in the 1980s: declining enrollments, school criticism, increasing government control, demands for parent participation, competition for public resources, rising energy costs, growing media impact, climate of uncertainty and turbulence. Describes roles administrators can utilize in meeting these challenges:…

Studied the social and emotional adjustment of women and children from single-parent families. Widows and divorcees did not differ significantly from married women on social and emotional adjustment but did report more positive and negative life changes. Children of widows and divorcees reported significantly poorer emotional adjustment. (Author)

Investigated the relationship between age-related stresses and depression among residents of a retirement center. Found depression related to poorer financial status, fewer and less satisfying interpersonal relationships, poorer physical health and greater concerns about death for women, and to poorer physical health and lack of involvement for…

Specifies some problems in the Piagetian characterizations of assimilation and accommodation and offers an alternative formulation intended to resolve some conceptual anomalies. On the basis of the revision, the orthogenetic law of developmental progression is explicitly derived. Further, Piaget's notion of "equilibrium" is extended into…