This paper reviews literature on methods of specifying target behaviors as a preliminary step in the provision of specialized instructional programming for low-performing, at-risk students. Careful specification of target behaviors can ensure that collaborating teachers in a consultation program have a shared understanding of the exact nature of…

The manual describes a variety of media approaches in the United States, Hong Kong, India, and Pakistan to changing attitudes toward the disabled. Four principles of media communications are stressed: (1) children's television is an important vehicle for changing attitudes; (2) it is vital to know the audience; (3) active participation by the…

This manual is concerned with developing community-based work for persons with disabilities, particularly disabled workers in segregated settings and individuals who are considered not yet ready for or capable of work. The first part of the publication deals with the following topics: the concepts of community, work, and severe disabilities; the…

While studies of school climate abound, conceptual frameworks have been ambiguous, and parent perceptions of climate are seldom considered. This paper describes a school improvement model employed in four rural Maine school districts in which (1) a school climate assessment is designed collaboratively with school staff; (2) the assessment is…

An overview of expert systems technology is presented with emphasis on its current and potential applications to the field of learning disabilities. Characteristics of some expert systems, including reasoning procedures, knowledge base content, and rationale and conclusions, are reviewed. Present applications in the diagnosis of learning problems…

The Enabler Model (EM), a non-prescriptive approach to help communities implement their early childhood programs, is described in this paper. The model is based on the positive educational value of human individuality, the life-long ability of all humans to learn and develop, and the power of human sociability in determining the content, extent,…

Based on the experiences of six organizations, this manual aims to help assistance groups who work to change the way schools actually treat children. Assistance group members can include principal or teacher advisors, curriculum consultants, group process facilitators, dissemination or staff development specialists, parent trainers or organizers,…

During the past 10 years, the Technical Assistance Development System's (TADS) staff and advisory board members along with 500 other people have provided consultation services to model demonstration programs and state education agencies that help young handicapped children and their families. Consultants are usually located through a sponsor or…

The Partners Rehabilitation and Education Program (PREP), a people-to-people program between Latin America and the United States concerned with the problems of the handicapped, focuses on: human development, consultation services, direct services, research, and public education. (EA)

This paper reports a quasi-experimental study which was designed and conducted to learn more about the impact of selected consultant interactional behaviors on consultee satisfaction with consultation. Specifically, the study focused on the effects of consultant effort to foster a collaborative consultative relationship. Consultant efforts were…

This review of guidance and counseling research includes reports of hypothesis testing based on hard data and behavioral analysis designs, reports of surveys and evaluations, and comments and recommenda- tions from reflections on experience and survey findings. The materials, originating from New Zealand between 1970 and 1979, are classified on…

THE SECTION MEETING WAS CONCERNED WITH THE ROLE OF THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE SPECIALIST IN THE COMMUNITY AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION ON FOREIGN CULTURES AND PROBLEMS OF PUPILS FROM NON-ENGLISH-SPEAKING HOMES, AND AS A HELP TO THE BEGINNING TEACHER IN EXPLAINING DISTRICT RESOURCES, SERVICES, AND ELECTRONIC AIDS. SUGGESTIONS FOR HELPING THE BEGINNING…

THE KENT STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL ELEMENTARY GUIDANCE PROJECT PROVIDED MANY SERVICES INCLUDING--(1) A PREKINDERGARTEN TESTING PROGRAM INVOLVING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CLASS NORMS AND PARENT MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES, (2) INDIVIDUAL STUDIES OF PARTICULAR CHILDREN, (3) COORDINATION OF THE TESTING PROGRAM, (4) INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP COUNSELING, (5) PARENT…

Organizations or individuals who operate independently but who have common links, such as a shared clientele, a shared funding source, or common ownership, form "loosely organized systems." Organizational theory has concentrated on the nature of tightly organized systems, which generally need help reducing the rigidity of role definition and of…