In a previous issue of "The Behavior Analyst," the authors discussed the ambiguities that surround the distinction between positive and negative reinforcement. Seven distinguished behavior analysts commented on their article. The authors believe that this dialogue represented a constructive step toward clarification of an important concept within…

An overview of solar energy proves that a practical heating and domestic hot water solar system can be built utilizing off-the-shelf equipment at a relatively low cost. (Author/MLF)

Rat received conditioning based upon a food unconditioned stimulus and then received manipulations designed to reduce the value of that food. The effects of these manipulations were assessed during extinction tests of the conditioned stimuli. (Editor/RK)

Three experiments are reported in which rats first received 50 escapable or inescapable signaled-shock trials. The results of the experiments are discussed in terms of a learned active-inactive predisposition to respond. (Editor/RK)

Evaluated with 12 children (9- to 25-months-old) were the efficacy and reliability of auditory stimulus-response control training and assessment procedures. (Author/LS)

This article focuses on the use of "timeout" as a classroom behavior modification technique. The questions and guidelines are presented in a flow chart format in order to facilitate easy and quick use by practitioners. (Author)

The objective of this investigation was two-fold; to examine systematically the importance of visual-holding cues during inter-response intervals, and to monitor concurrent visual behavior in an operant learning situation which incorporated a spatially displaced feedback locus. (Author)

Covert conditioning includes a set of behavior change techniques that incorporate the "inside" aspects of human experience that had long been ignored by behaviorists. The author reviews the applications of covert conditioning to the field of counseling. (Author)

This report reviews current literature on feedback and suggests practical implications of feedback research for educators. A definition of feedback is offered, and past definitions in prior research are noted. An analysis of the current state of knowledge of feedback discusses the historical development of feedback theory and suggests that…

The paper analyses issues in the hearing assessment of multihandicapped deaf-blind children. The experiences of the authors as consultants to centers for deaf-blind children are briefly noted. Advantages and disadvantages are considered for two basic approaches to hearing assessment: the electrophysiologic in which electricity from neural…

A school modernization project in Georgia uses air conditioning units linked to a closed water loop that retains and redistributes heat when and where needed. (Author)

Heat-recovery wheels and heat pumps provide efficient, economical temperature control for the Hanford school, Richland, Washington. (Author)

Article addressed itself to the questions of which stimuli make up a total conditioned stimulus configuration and what the role is of the period of illumination of the target. (Author/RK)

Problems and strategies in implementing classroom token economy systems as a means of behavior modification are reviewed. Discussed is the importance of such factors in the original token plan as the reinforcement schedule, and time-out procedures. Among implementation issues considered are observing and counting behaviors. (CL)

The major question of interest in the present investigation was whether or not a UCS is more effectively represented in STM when its occurrence is relatively surprising as opposed to expected. (Author)