A questionnaire completed by 575 college deans, associate deans, and chairpersons found that misfit between the administrator's motivational style and job demands were related to perceived work stress and the perception of poor coping ability. The perception of poor coping ability was correlated with stress-related illnesses, and misfit was…

Surveyed students (n=166) living in graduate student housing to assess social support in their academic programs and family environment, recent stressful life events, and depression and anxiety as psychological symptoms of stress. Women reported significantly more stress, more symptoms of stress, and significantly less support from their academic…

A study of 120 third-year medical students investigated the relationship of role stress (involving competing demands of school and social and/or family life), social support, and sources of support outside or inside medical school. Results suggest that, contrary to expectation, social support corresponds to lower achievement, particularly for…

Personal, external, and family adjustment following relocation were studied for 882 adolescents in highly mobile Air Force families through the use of a crisis model focusing on objective aspects of a stressor, coping, and perceptions of the stress. Perceptions of the stressful situation are most important to external and personal adjustment. (SLD)

Describes journal issue's framework and invited articles. Presents transactional approach to environmental stress, identifying and taxonomizing multilevel positive and negative outcomes experienced by elderly rural town residents. Describes contextual taxonomy, offering possible outcomes and relevance to other issues for rural psychologists and…

Outlines the particular stresses experienced by gifted children arising from the unrealistic expectations of parents and teachers, social handicaps, poor peer relationships, and boring and unrewarding school work. Explains five main "gripes" collected from interviews with gifted and talented children. Lists recommendations for teachers.…

The relationship between the social role orientations of 78 female special education teachers and their levels of job stress and satisfaction is studied using a battery of instruments. Social role orientation on and off the job is also examined. Implications of role shifts for job satisfaction are examined. (SLD)

Interviews with 137 primary caregivers with developmentally disabled family members (ages 2-62) on waiting lists for out-of-home placement found that caregiver stress was a significant predictor of the urgency of placement need. Behavior problems of the disabled person were almost as important. Lack of support services was correlated with…

This survey of parents of 29 girls with Rett syndrome found that subjects reported more stress, lower marital satisfaction, and certain adaptations in family functioning compared to norms. However, most parents scored in the normal range. Scores were not related to socioeconomic status or characteristics of the affected child. (DB)

Members of 451 families were observed interacting in their home and completed questionnaires that assessed family processes, characteristics, and economic circumstances. Found that economic pressure disrupted parenting; spouse support had a direct effect on parenting; and, for mothers, spouse support moderated the impact of economic strain. (BC)

Examined whether variations in construction and scoring (frequency, sum, average scores) of life events scale (stress measure) for adolescents yielded different outcomes. Findings from 1,740 high school students indicated that frequency of life events and their average intensity were distinct measures and of equal importance when assessing stress…

Reviews the stress-hypertension relationship among young African black Americans and shows how counselors can intervene using a conceptual sociopsychophysiological model of stress. Concludes that preventive stress management directed at vulnerable, young African-American students by counselors is very important in addressing disproportionate…

A study found that dentists (n=164) receiving predoctoral and continuing instruction on the behavioral approach to caring for fearful patients recognized a higher proportion of fearful patients in their practices and were motivated to identify barriers to their care. They also found the costs of treatment to be greater. (MSE)

Descriptions of temperament were more predictive of maternal adaptation than were mothers' expectations of infant behavior. Infant temperament was more important for multiparous mothers than for first-time mothers. Predicted interactive effects were not found. (RH)

Examined sex-typed traits (instrumentality and expressiveness), the work environment (demands and interpersonal resources), and importance of stressor episodes as predictors of measures of coping (avoidance, problem reappraisal, and active problem solving) with 132 managers. Found women more likely to use avoidance and problem-reappraisal coping,…