The objective of this study was to examine (1) the association between consumption of fast food and sweets on overweight among U.S. adolescents; and (2) how consumption of different types of food and physical exercise is associated with parental education and other background variables. The data were based on cross-sectional, national survey study…

The issue of the disproportionate identification and placement of racial/ethnic minorities in special education has been investigated extensively. One of the most useful tools in this research is the risk ratio, which compares one racial/ethnic group's risk of receiving special education and related services to that of all other students. The risk…

This chapter explores identity negotiation by women of color in academe at a predominantly white institution. The author discusses use of the title "doctor" as a form of address to manage interactions with graduate students in the college classroom, and the difficulties associated with negotiating and balancing these diverse and complex identities…

Prior research on oppositional culture theory has generally focused on beliefs about the opportunity structure, or the "acting white" hypothesis, as an explanation for racial differences in school achievement. However, little attention has been given to the mechanism by which these beliefs affect achievement: schooling behaviors. The authors posit…

This study examined middle and high school students' perceptions of a weeklong science experience with nanotechnology and atomic force microscopy. Through an examination of student self assessments and their writing, the study allowed us to examine some of the issues that may contribute to discrepancies that are seen between European-American and…

Biracial and biethnic children face a variety of problems. This book for children and teenagers discusses what it means to be biracial or biethnic and what it means to find one's own identity. The biracial child can have the best of both worlds and can make both parts of his or her identity complement each other. The best advice from other…

This study evaluated the use of bivariate matching as a solution to the problem of studying differential item functioning (DIF) with formula scored tests. Using Scholastic Aptitude Test verbal data with large samples, both male/female and black/white group comparisons were investigated. Mantel-Haenszel (MH) delta-(D) DIF values and DIF category…

Economists attempting to explain the widening of the black-white wage gap in the late 1970s by differences in school quality have been faced with the problem that recent data reveal virtually no gap in the quality of schools attended by blacks and whites. This paper reexamines racial differences in school quality. It begins by considering the…

Results of a survey show that high school students in North Carolina think about, attempt, and are injured as the result of a suicide attempt with alarming frequency. This report summarizes suicide-related data from the North Carolina Youth Risk Behavior Survey (1993). Younger students are more at risk of suicide than older students; more than one…

Adolescence is characterized by a set of dramatic physical, cognitive, and psychological changes which affect the developmental process in many ways. This study sought to develop and test the adequacy of a theoretical model of adolescent worry and to determine whether there is a relationship between adolescent demographic characteristics and the…

Findings from a study that explored differences in the definition and operationalization of leadership between mainstream and disadvantaged groups are presented in this paper. The "fuzzy concept operationalization method" was used to define leadership traits in two groups of leaders participating in two different leadership training workshops: 12…

This study examined gender and race differences in children's interactions with infants. Subjects were 53 black and white children between 8 and 10 years of age. An experimenter of the same race as the children presented them with a 6-week to 12-month-old infant of the same race. Children were photographed with the infant; while playing the role…

Previous research has shown that women and minority medical students experience stresses not observed in their white male peers. This study examined the combined effects of race and sex on the stress manifested in a diverse longitudinal sample of medical students from two medical schools. Students (N=259, an 82.7% response rate) in the first year…

A study investigated the impact of organizational climate and job expectations on black and white managerial job satisfaction, and the factors leading to job satisfaction for black and white managers in a retail outlet. One hundred twenty-four managers and assistant managers from a major public owned retail chain organization on the east coast…

Numerous studies have analyzed the determinants of early retirement or retirement on time among older men and women. However, not many studies of the determinants of retirement have analyzed racial and gender differences, both between and within groups. Using data from the 1968-1987 interview waves of the Panel Studies of Income Dynamics, this…