The Internet has transformed the way we read and the context in which we acquire knowledge. Online reading brings both unique opportunities and challenges. To utilize the full potential of this digital environment and to successfully participate in an online information society, digital reading skills are essential. But what makes online reading so unique, and how can education foster the development of online reading skills? This article will provide a literature review and discuss (a) how online reading differs from reading printed texts, (b) the core competencies involved in online reading and (c) the possibilities and challenges of online reading. Second, based on the knowledge discussed in this review, we provide recommendations for educational practice on how to support students in learning and developing the core competencies of digital reading: navigation, integration and evaluation.