Examines two leading journals from both physics and educational psychology to see whether the research article introductions typically include statements of principal findings. Indicates (1) a mismatch between descriptive practice and prescriptive advice and (2) a diversity in this rhetorical feature between the two fields. (JD)

Contends that conventional teaching and textbooks fail to promote a critical analysis of the content they convey. Argues that failure to examine the meanings of words and ideas dehumanizes education, divorces knowledge from power, and promotes viewpoints which are both parochial and ahistoric. Describes how critical reading and the use of…

Examines theories of ideology as presented in Marxist-based critical studies; how these theories serve a strategic function within Marxist theory; and, by way of the work of Michel Foucault, the inadequacies of this discourse of "ideological" analysis. Proposes that critical studies of the media move toward the concept of…

Argues that the study of literature has been stripped of its usefulness and purely theoretical while the study of rhetoric has been stripped of theory and reduced to practical, applied stylistics. (SRT)

Argues that human rigidity of mind is usually the cause of fallacies, humor, and also mental illness. (SRT)

Examines ways in which two persons tell a story together and how the interaction of the two indicates the nature of their relationship. Discusses how co-participants encounter and resolve the problem of having two potential tellers, and a knowledgeable recipient present. (SRT)

Appraises R. Kaplan's "contrastic rhetoric" in the light of a multilanguage research project on discourse structure. Concludes that Kaplan's specific analyses are in need of substantive revision. (FL)

Using Burkean analysis, this essay shows how films about haunted houses can serve as symbolic equipment to help audiences cope with real life problems. (PD)

Defines the concept of cynicism and explores issues concerning the role of the cynic in rhetoric, the rhetorical payoff of a cynical ethos, and the function of cynical remarks in rhetorical strategies. (EL)

Describes a study designed to examine variables influencing the way native speakers talk to foreigners and the form native speaker modification may take. Considers five variables: (1) negotiation of meaning, (2) quantity of speech, (3) amount of repair, (4) elaborated responses, and (5) transparent responses. (SED)

Argues that traditional views of organizational communication have fallen short because they misapprehended and oversimplified the realities of rhetorical behavior in organizations and because they offered weak theoretical underpinnings for the study of business communication. (FL)

Describe studies in which day-long recordings were made of nine-year-old children's spontaneous speech. Results indicate that: (1) children aged five to 15 speak some 20,000 words of discourse per day in about two to three hours of pure speaking time; (2) they have an active vocabulary of some 3,000 word-form types. (SED)

The logic of the Japanese language, which differs considerably from that of most Western languages, requires that much analysis be done by the translation process to properly assimilate the intended message. Further research into this is needed to improve both the translation process and training in translation. (MSE)

This introductory article--in a symposium that explores the role of stories in human discourse--defines and sketches the history of the "narrative paradigm." (PD)

Considers the phenomenon of a single utterance having different illocutions at the same time, depending on the relationship between the speaker and different hearers and the differing amounts of shared knowledge among the conversation's participants. (MSE)