Describes the therapeutic use of reframing as being fundamental to strategic therapy and considers the need for an adequate conceptual scheme for understanding the critical elements of effective reframing. Background for concepts of frame and reframing are provided, along with clinical examples. Contributions and limitations of radical…

Examined the self concept, psychological needs and social role of incarcerated women. Results indicated incarcerated women have low self-concepts but that self-concept varies directly with both education and perceived social role in the institution. These findings suggest it is important to examine these women and their behaviors from the…

The social judgments of 75 subjects aged 11 and 75 aged 14 were compared using Peel's three categories of judgment to measure and evaluate responses. Clear, if limited, evidence for progress between the two ages in the ability to judge other people's perspectives was obtained, in line with Peel's general theory. (Author)

An experiment was conducted with 40 children, ages four to six, who were tested from both "good" and "poor" viewing positions on a perspective-taking task. As hypothesized, children showed no bias toward the view they chose when it was poor. However, when they had a good view they chose their own rather than another equally…

Defining moral imagining as the ability to universalize and to understand a situation from another person's perspective, the author discusses the conditions of learning to be imaginative, as well as the relations of moral imagining to sympathy, compassion, and concern. (Author/SJL)

Retarded (N=24) and nonretarded (N=46) individuals matched on MA and CA were tested on role-taking, self-image, and imitation. The findings supported the view that role-taking ability is a function of cognitive level and that self-image and imitation are determined by both cognitive and experiential factors. (Author)

Examined the young child's ability to appreciate and coordinate different perspectives in a visuo-spatial task. Results indicated even very young children have the potential to coordinate points of view. (Author/DB)

Argues that in information science we must distinguish physical, objective, or document space from perspective, subjective, or information space and holds that transformations can easily be made once these two spaces are distinguished. (FM)

Preschool children were required to discriminate and explain the differing feelings of each story character in two kinds of stories: (1) those in which cues for correct responses were located in the situation, and (2) those in which correct explanations required consideration of the characters' subjective characteristics. (Author/SS)

Argues that the study of literature can help address the value dimensions of health communication. Maintains that literature provides a rich emotional context for characters' actions and interactions, which helps to direct readers' attention to the value dimensions of the situation at hand. (SR)

Identifies a number of possible epistemological perspectives that can be taken on the changing nature of curricular knowledge in science and considers some of the normative characteristics of each. The varieties of knowledge and value perspectives associated with each inform teachers and students how they are expected to think about the subject.…

The relationship between role-taking abilities of nursing education administrators (n=30) and their perceived leadership effectiveness as rated by their faculty (n=176) was studied. Organization characteristics (formalization, centralization, job satisfaction) affected perceptions of effectiveness. (JOW)

Explains that sexual offender clients are often regarded as passive recipients of treatment whose views are of limited relevance to treatment outcome. Reports on survey of a group of clients receiving treatment for sexual offense. Response indicates that their views about treatment were similar to other client groups, suggesting that service users…

Individuals with either high-functioning autism (N=17) or Asperger Syndrome (N=17) were tested with Happe's Strange Stories Test, which assesses the ability to interpret a nonliteral statement. Compared to normal controls, both groups had greater difficulty providing contextually appropriate mental state answers, with the autistic group having the…

Examined the evolution of visual perspective-taking skills in relation to comprehension and production of first, second, and third person pronouns among French and English speaking toddlers. Some perceptual perspective-taking capacities were well developed by the time children acquired a full mastery of personal pronouns. Full pronoun acquisition…