Accreditation standards mandate that law students be trained for litigation, ignoring the fact that most lawyers do not engage in litigation and that a goal is the reduction of litigation. Clinical training is far less important to modern lawyers than training in perspective-taking and humanistic interaction. (MSE)

Studied the phenomenal self-concept of males varying in self-esteem, using numerical self-reports. No significant differences were found on ratings of positive characteristics. Striking differences were noted for negative characteristics. Results suggest it is how individuals experience negative rather than positive characteristics that plays a…

A sample of 182 male and female third and fifth graders were administered Miller, Nessel, and Flavell's measure of recursive thought and Bill's Index of Adjustment and Values. Recursive thought was found to increase with age and was related to a lowering of the self-concept. However, the strongest relationship observed was between intelligence and…

Taking two summer school courses, an English teacher reverses classroom roles and rediscovers student perspectives to instruction in poetry and composition. (RL)

Examined reasons for discrepancies in the literature regarding the emergence of the scheme for multiple sufficient causes. Children between 4.3 and 5.4 years of age were asked to predict their own and another child's behavior in real and hypothetical situations when a reward was present or missing. (Author/DB)

This study of white-collar working women investigates their views toward retirement with emphasis on variables contributing to attitudes and behavior. Findings indicate inadequate preparation for retirement and suggest areas of research related to contemporary female work patterns which may assist practitioners and policy-makers to correct the…

Argues that English teachers who use plays in their classes should emphasize the effects and interpretation of the words of the scripts as they are spoken. Offers four suggestions whereby teachers can focus on the playscript as it is performed, not written. (RL)

Approaches for teaching about homosexuality as part of the school health curriculum are offered. Suggestions include discussion of popular values and stereotypes, teaching by example, and teaching through role playing. (JMF)

In a study to test whether imagery accounts for the effects of empathy on attributions, it was determined that the imagery explanation of empathy effects was untenable and that the recall of perspective-relevant details was unlikely to mediate attributions of causality in imaginary scenarios. (Author/MH)

Childrens' understanding of motives for behavior was investigated by showing interpersonal situations on silent films to 6- to 14-year-old children from middle- and working-class backgrounds. (CM)

In a study of the development of role playing, 67 seventh graders were given Feffer's Role Taking Task. Measures of the child's perception of parent behavior, IQ, Marburg Education Scales and educational attainment were collected. (MS)

Two scales were used to measure the cognitive (Hogan's Empathy Scale) and emotional (Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy) components of empathy. Results indicated that incarcerated child molesters (N=29) were, relative to nonoffenders, deficient in both the cognitive and emotional components of generalized empathy. Theoretical and treatment…

Discusses a dozen ways educators can have students of any age reflect on culture and the intermingling of cultures. Suggests that students can contemplate the value of diversity, define culture, take another's perspective, analyze social behavior, speculate the meaning of observed actions and interactions, interpret language, analyze and compare…