A study using four groups, each of 25 first graders, indicated that letter-naming ability does not facilitate learning to read words composed of the same letters. One group was taught to discriminate between four artificial graphemes by identifying them with different geometric forms. The second group was taught to give the graphemes the letter…

This study was concerned with assessing both prereading and reading activities on the kindergarten level. A questionnaire survey was made of selected aspects of the content and conduct of the kindergarten prereading and reading programs in school districts throughout the state of California. The questionnaire used consisted of three parts: Part 1…

The procedures and results of a national study to measure the familiarity of 1165 pre-calculus mathematical terms and 154 mathematical symbols are reported. Unique tests of 100 randomly selected mathematical terms as well as unique tests of 36 randomly selected mathematical symbols were generated by a computer. The familiarity of each term was…

Difficulties faced by freshmen in accomplishing the study-reading needed for a required world history course at Hofstra University led to the establishment of a 3-credit 1-semester reading and study skills course, developed by an interdisciplinary team composed of members from the history and reading faculties. Thirty students were assigned to two…

The purpose of this Title VI study was to determine which pairs of lowercase alphabet letters were most frequently confused by prereading children and therefore most likely to cause difficulty in initial reading. Two sample groups were used: 50 lower-middle-class kindergarten children with a median age of 6 years and 25 upper-middle-class nursery…

Results of two studies testing the effectiveness of the Visual-Linguistic Reading Program (Group A) as compared with that of a basal program using an overhead projector (Group B) and a basal program not using an overhead projector (Group C) are reported. Children from three cities in Minnesota, Florida, and California, 1,800 in the first study and…

The relationships between social class membership and performance on phonemic and nonphonemic auditory discrimination tests were examined. Three socioeconomic groups (upper-middle class (UM), upper-lower class (UL), and lower-lower (LL) class) of 20 subjects each were administered the Wepman Auditory Discrimination Test and nonphonemic auditory…

Summative evaluation of Cycles R-40 of the Listen Look Learn (LLL) Multi-Media Communication Skills System was conducted in 1967-68, using 28 experimental (LLL system) and 28 control (variety of basal reading programs) classes of first-grade children. Testing included the use of the Metropolitan Readiness Tests; the Pintner-Cunningham Primary…

This is a report of an effort to improve ghetto children's reading in science classes. The writer worked as a consultant with ninth grade general science teachers. The teachers involved in this study used lessons designed by the consultant, as well as materials from commercial publishers. The author reports that there was marked improvement in the…

Focusing on the teaching of reading, chapters in this book (written in French, but with brief English and German translations of chapter resumes) consist of lectures delivered at an international symposium on the teaching of reading held in Switzerland in September of 1971. The contents include: an introduction: opening statements delivered at the…

This paper reports on the activities included in a seminar on reading which was held to discuss ways in which the International Reading Association (IRA) organizational affairs could improve professional matters dealing with reading in the European area. The contents include: "Proceedings Related to Organizational Matters," which…

The purpose of this study was to determine the disruptive effect of unknown words on reading and to examine this effect in relationship to grammatical position and modification type. Forty second grade children from two different lower middle class, semirural schools were randomly assigned to the standardization group or the experimental group.…

The purposes of this study were to replicate and extend the list learning results in a prose context, and to explore both the learning of incidental material and the effect of a text organization pretest and posttest information about passage structure. One hundred twenty-eight college undergraduates read a 460 word prose story, which mentioned…

This paper discusses the reading diary study--a method that involves frequent observation and detailed note-taking of the strategies employed by a child while learning to read--and the problems of data reduction, limitations of methods employed by researchers, and analysis of data. The sections include "Miscue Analysis," which can be…

The viability of visual imagery as a prose-learning process was evaluated in two experiments with elementary school children in this study. In experiment one, two concrete ten-sentence passages were constructed. The attributes of two subclasses were contrasted in each passage (two kinds of monkeys in one passage, and two kinds of cars in the…