After establishing reliability for an associative verbal encoding (a/v/e) test, the relationship between children's a/v/e and their reading achievement was investigated. Two hypotheses were examined: (1) a/v/e will improve with training, and (2) associated with improved a/v/e will be concomitant improvement in reading achievement. The subjects…

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two methods--individualized approach and small groups--in the teaching of reading to juvenile delinquents. Fifteen-year-old delinquent youths, classified as uncontrollable children whose academic performance was equivalent to tenth grade level, were assigned randomly to three groups.…

Group training on segmentation-blending training forms (SB) in conjunction with strategies for decoding novel words (WD) was assessed in kindergarteners. Neither the WD or SB factor was found to significantly affect novel word decoding performance, although the results indicated that the sounding out SB form led to considerable success in word…

A summary of the discussions of the Navajo Reading Study Conference, held on December 4-5, 1969, in Albuquerque, New Mexico, was presented in this report. A group of consultants met to discuss the collection of data and its analysis for a study on Navajo reading materials and the language of 6-year-old Navajo children. The consultants included Mr.…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between performance on Piagetian conservation tasks and the ability to form hypotheses as to the probable content of story material among first and second grade children. Cognitive operations selected for comparison were operations concerning conservation of mass, conservation of…

Children with perceptual handicaps are often taught reading in the same manner as children in regular school placements. To present a description of the oral reading of such children, five were selected using the I.T.P.A., the Frostig, and the comments of a neurologist. They each read a story orally, and retold the story, following the reading. A…

The effects of telegraphic prose upon the comprehension of written and auditorily presented messages were tested. Two separate experiments were conducted. Subjects for the first experiment were 60 undergraduates enrolled in a remedial reading program; subjects for experiment 2 were 100 undergraduates enrolled in an introductory educational…

Using instruments which measured reading readiness, intelligence, reading achievement, and school attitudes, data was gathered to evaluate the hypothesis that the reading achievement of first grade boys taught by a male teacher would be significantly higher than those taught by a female teacher and, conversely, that the reading achievement of…

A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE CONCERNING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEASURE OF PREREADING VISUAL DISCRIMINATION AND FIRST-GRADE READING ACHIEVEMENT IS GIVEN. THE RELATIVE PREDICTIVE POWER OF VISUAL DISCRIMINATION OF LETTERS, WORDS, GEOMETRIC DESIGNS, AND PICTURES WHEN THESE ABILITIES ARE STUDIED INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COMBINATION IS INDICATED. STUDIES…

The aim of this study was to determine whether a general or specific context facilitation mechanism should be incorporated into information-processing models of reading. General facilitation models claim that a context can facilitate recognition of any word that is related to it. Specific facilitation models claim that a context will facilitate…

After it had been determined that reaction time (RT) was a sensitive measure of hemispheric dominance in a verbal task performed by normal adult readers, the reaction times of three groups of subjects (20 normal reading college students, 12 normal reading third graders and 11 poor reading grade school students) were compared. Ss were exposed to…

Examined with 38 right-handed boys who were either dyslexic or normal readers and matched for age and IQ (mean age both groups=10.6, mean IQ normal readers=106, mean IQ dyslexic readers=105) were the weak, strong, and equal lateralization theories of dyslexia. Cerebral lateralization was measured for linguistic material (digits) using the dichotic…

Samples of third- and sixth-grade teachers were classified as associated with students of high or low achievement in reading. Significant differences between grade levels were found in responses to a survey of teacher emphases in reading instruction. There were no significant differences in emphases for teachers of high- or low-achieving students.…

Twelve groups consisting of 277 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders participated in a study of the effects of teaching ten concepts of logical thinking, on ability to read critically. The two-month program of instruction consisted of a direct oral presentation of the ten selected concepts followed by practice in using the concepts. Analysis of…

Three studies were conducted to examine whether printed cues conveying information about spoken intonation patterns would aid beginning readers in synthesizing printed words into spoken sentences. To represent intonation patterns, words were printed in three sizes corresponding to stress-pitch levels, and spacing between phrase boundaries was…