The purposes of this study were to examine group differences in sexual media consumption and to explore how well adolescents' sexual attitudes and behavior can be explained by viewing of sexually suggestive dialogue (SD) and explicit sexual content (SC) in television media. Participants were 473 male and female high school adolescents who were…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among students' self-perception, attitudes toward school, study and organizational skills, achievement motivation, attributional style, gender, parental involvement and style, parental income and parental level of education, and students' academic performance or achievement. Using…

Categorization based on sex is the most basic social divide. It is the organizational basis of most major institutions, including the division of labor in the home, the workforce, politics, and religion. Globally, women's gendered roles are regarded as subordinate to men's. The gender divide enforces women's roles in reproduction and support…

This study examined the change in preservice teachers' causal attributions for the success or failure of elementary students engaged in a hands-on science activity investigating electrical conductors. Subjects first viewed a videodisc capturing a complete science activity in a real classroom and were asked to indicate whether the elementary…

This study analyzed college students' use of motivational strategies in academic contexts. Participants included 11 male and 26 female undergraduate students enrolled in psychology courses at an urban university, who completed the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Analysis focused primarily on responses to the following sample…

This study examined the relationship of dental students' (N=145) perceptions of how much control they have over their environments to their academic achievement and to such demographic variables as age, gender, race, or ethnicity. Subjects were given a questionnaire to obtain demographic information and Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control…

The following hypotheses are being tested in a study of retention by college students of material low in meaningfulness: (1) divergent thinkers will recall more items from a nonsense syllable list and a non-related word list than will non-divergent thinkers because divergent thinkers spontaneously verbally mediate; (2) participants who retain more…

The relative importance of adolescents' levels of perceived social support and their satisfaction with their supportive relationships in terms of predicting personal agency beliefs (an individual's capability and context beliefs) was studied with data collected from 174 upper-middle class high school students (75 males and 99 females) in the San…

The relationships between classroom performance and five possible predictor variables were studied. The ways in which these variables relate to performance in a classroom learning situation were examined, with the hypothesis that attributional style and motivation would be the best predictors of classroom performance. The variables were: (1)…

Research has consistently found that health care providers report having negative attitudes and perceptions toward Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients. This study was conducted to examine the independent and joint influences of a patient's mode of acquisition of illness (blood transfusion versus sexual promiscuity), patient blame…

Research has shown that race, social class, and gender influence teacher expectations of student performance. To investigate teacher expectations for the academic performance and future occupational status of white and Asian elementary school children, and the teacher attributions for their performance, 25 white elementary school teachers (23…

The predictors of students' completed and planned enrollments in college level computer courses were examined. A total of 195 college freshman and sophomore students (102 females and 93 males) who were enrolled at a large land-grant university in the southern region of the midwestern United States completed instruments measuring computer…

Employing measures of attributional styles and metacognitive reading behaviors, a study investigated whether a relationship exists between passive reading behaviors and extreme attributional styles (learned helplessness) in college students on academic probation. Attributional style and metacognitive strategies exhibited while reading college text…

Factors affecting the motivation of high school students to learn to use computers were examined in this study. The subjects were 160 students enrolled in a large city high school, 89 females and 71 males who represented five ethnic groups--White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, and American Indian. The majority of subjects had prior computer coursework…

Analyses of deviant sexual behaviors have most often derived from psychodynamic or behavioral theory. Little systematic research attention has been paid to the role of intervening cognitive variables such as social perception and the causal attribution process. Two studies were conducted to examine differences in cognition between child molesters…