It was the purpose of this study to investigate the effects of a specific type of visual perception training on the reading achievement of first grade children diagnosed as being deficient in visual perceptual skills by the Children's Perceptual Achievement Forms Test. The study included 96 subjects from 17 classrooms in three elementary schools…

This study on reading comprehension was part of a total program in which testing was also conducted in science, literature, civic education, and English and French as foreign languages at three levels--ten year olds, fourteen year olds, and those in the final year of secondary education--in fifteen countries. Two chapters describe the instruments…

The relationship between specific inference as measured by a Cloze Test and broad inference as measured by a Means-End Test was investigated. Subjects were 61 New York policemen enrolled in a communication skills course at John Jay College of Criminal Justice. The relationship between specific inference and broad inference, specific inference and…

Drawing inferences requires that an individual derive a conclusion not explicitly stated in the passage but which logically might be expected on the basis of the organization of the passage and the information it contains. In the summary of the data from Theme 7, the overall performance of the various groups is compared to the national level on…

The development of a new scheme for classifying the more than 7,000 documents on reading in the ERIC/CRIER data collection is described. An original scheme, developed in the early days of the clearinghouse, provided a means for listing documents in any of 45 broad subject categories in the field of reading and for identification by grade level.…

This book provides a comprehensive annotated bibliography of materials on individualized reading (IR). Sources include books, journal articles, conference papers, and master's and doctoral theses. An introductory chapter includes a discussion of what IR is, how an IR program is organized, problems related to an IR program, research on IR, when the…

Results of two studies of the relationship of flexibility and speed of closure with structural, lexical, and concrete/abstract cloze deletion strategies were compared. The first study used 113 high school students as subjects, and the second used 92 college students. All were given a variety of cloze tests and adapted portions of tests of…

Ten third-grade Puerto Rican children in New York City, representative of students with reading difficulties from low-income families, were taught emotionally charged or neutral words. Twenty words, 10 emotionally charged and 10 neutral, were taught to the subjects on 4 successive days. Pretesting on printed-word recognition was conducted before…

A fictional story was written in three versions: (1) traditional prose of 1,620 words, (2) medium telegraphic form of 947 words, and (3) highly condensed telegraphic form of 455 words. Two hundred and ten braille readers from grades 6 to 9 were assigned to one of the three treatment versions. Nine groups were formed on the basis of comparable age,…

Some oral reading errors were found to be more significant than others in evaluating a pupil's performance in reading at six comprehension levels. The percentage of seven kinds of errors (pronunciation, mispronunciation, omission, substitution, addition, repetition, and punctuation) was computed to the levels of reading comprehension for good,…

Second-grade pupils who were taught reading in the first grade with the Initial Teaching Alphabet (i.t.a.) were compared with pupils who were taught reading with traditional orthography (TO). Seventy students from two schools in Moline, Illinois, were divided into a control group (using TO) and an experimental group (using i.t.a.) and were matched…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether statements of the main idea of a paragraph made by elementary school children could be enhanced if a content relevant picture accompanied the paragraph or if simplification of the paragraph was undertaken. One hundred and ninety-two subjects were selected from among the third and sixth grade…

This publication is designed to aid teachers and school personnel who are seeking ways to individualize reading instruction. The chapters include: "The Individualized Reading Program: A Perspective" by Lyman C. Hunt, Jr.; "Initiating the Individualized Reading Program: Various Transitional Plans" by Lorraine Harvilla; "The Conference in IRP: The…

The purpose of this study was to determine the development of four specific letter-sound patterns from second through sixth grade: invariant consonants, long and short vowels, "c," and"g." A 69-item list was presented to second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade subjects in one of two random orders. Oral responses were tape recorded, transcribed by…

Subjects at three age levels were administered picture pair or word pair discrimination lists. They pronounced or pointed as a method of choice, and they pronounced or pointed at the correct item (or remained silent) during rehearsal. The results indicated that with picture pairs, pronunciation facilitated learning as a method of choice and a type…