Expectancy instructions were introduced six times during the four-week treatment, and effectiveness of these instructions was demonstrated with independent nonreactive measures of subjects' expectancies. An analysis of self-report, behavioral, and unobtrusive measures of snake anxiety revealed significant main effects for instructions, with…

High and low general-self-esteem subjects performed a series of anagrams on which they either appeared to succeed or fail or received little evaluative feedback. Their persistence at a subsequent set of anagrams was assessed. Following initial failure low-self-esteem subjects persisted less than high-self-esteem subjects. (Author)

The oral opiate, naltrexone, was used in a double-blind placebo-controlled study with two young profoundly mentally adults who exhibited intractable self-injurious behavior. No measurable effects on the self-injurious behavior were observed. (Author/DB)

A double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the effects of intermittent drug therapy on stereotyped and collateral behaviors of six profoundly mentally retarded, institutionalized, adult males. Despite a marked reduction in medication, there was no general change of clinical significance in any of the behaviors. (Author/DB)

The study involved a 3 1/2 year retrospective analysis of a transdisciplinary peer review committee in a residential facility for the mentally retarded including 141 restrictive behavior management programs. Data are presented on three variables: (1) "turn around" time, (2) average number of reviewers, and (3) reviewer comments.…

A six-year-old with severe conduct disorders and learning delays increased task accuracy and on-task performance and decreased his disruptions after a reinforcement contingency was instituted. Eventually the child assumed responsibility for grading all tasks independently, maintaining high task accuracy. (CL)

The effects of treatment on errors in consonant clusters and in ambisyllabic consonants were investigated in two adults with histories of developmental phonological problems. Results indicated that treatment, consisting of a sound-referenced rebus approach, affected change in production of trained words as well as generalization to untrained words…

A teacher recounts his work to help a troubled child (who was causing classroom disturbances) learn to make friends and gain peer acceptance. (CB)

A variety of group oriented behavior management strategies to modify classroom behavior problems is suggested. Advantages, disadvantages, and implementation guidelines for the group response cost system, the good behavior game, the group timeout ribbon, hero method, peer-mediated extinction, and peer confrontation. (DB)

The paper summarizes characteristics of the child with Prader-Willi Syndrome (characterized by insatiable appetite and usually mild to moderate mental retardation). Suggestions are offered for the environmental and behavioral management of the Prader Willi student. (DB)

Explored the level of family therapist complementarity in the early, middle and late stages of therapy performing a micro-analysis of Salvador Minuchin with one family in successful therapy. Level of therapist complementarity was signficantly greater in the early and late stages than in the middle stage, and was significantly correlated with…

The paper reviews uses and effects of psychostimulant drugs in the treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) in children. Although about 70% of ADD children treated with stimulants demonstrate short term improvements, the use of stimulants alone has not resulted in altered long-term prognosis for treated children. (Author/DB)

The importance of applied behavior analysis (ABA) in the etiology, control, and prevention of major types of morbidity and mortality is discussed in terms of the health promotion era in public health, the merging and extension of ABA and public health paradigms, and the development of effective interventions for maintaining healthy behavior.…

The article examines community dental health promotion for children in terms of factors impacting children's dental health (water fluoridation, dental health education, behavior change strategies, use of dental services, and dental phobias). Proposed is a large scale behavior change approach to public dental health which integrates applied…

Intervention in the form of confrontational and didactic counseling was used with a blind adult male demonstrating behavior and attitudinal problems in his sheltered workshop setting. The intensive intake counseling prior to rehabilitation services and teaching of job-seeking skills resulted in the client obtaining and keeping a white collar…