Finds that persons (college students) thwarted in their attempts to provide geographic directions to others reiterated directions with little change in structure but with significant increases in vocal intensity and decreases in speech rate. Confirms the hierarchy hypothesis that individuals modify their message plans to make alterations first…

Proposes viewing journalists as members of an interpretive community (not a profession) united by its shared discourse and collective interpretations of key public events. Applies the frame of the interpretive community to journalistic discourse about two events central for American journalists--Watergate and McCarthyism. (SR)

Finds that the increased cognitive load accompanying multiple-goal messages arises from demands on time and processing capacity associated with assembling incompatible message features and that multiple-goal messages are characterized by heavier demand on processing capacity associated with maintaining more complex message-relevant specifications…

Describes an assignment in which students arrange for guest speakers on business communication topics. Appends a list of guidelines for students to use in completing the optional assignment. (RS)

Argues that meaning in a rhetorical work results from an interaction between discursive form and representational content linguists call "iconicity." Illustrates this approach through close analysis of passages selected from Edmund Burke's "Speech to the Electors of Bristol." Considers applications in broader contexts. (KEH)

Argues that archetypal criticism is a useful way of examining universal, historical, and cross-cultural symbols in classrooms. Identifies essential features of an archetype; outlines operational and critical procedures; illustrates archetypal criticism as applied to the cross as a symbol; and provides a synoptic placement for archetypal criticism…

Examines one component of an African Grey parrot's monologue behavior, private speech, while he was being taught new vocalizations. The data are discussed in terms of the possible functions of monologues during the parrot's acquisition of novel vocalizations. (85 references) (GLR)

Adduces a number of considerations that challenge the neutralist thesis of propaganda and which, at the same time, serve to substantiate the belief that propaganda is something wrong. Argues that a theory of propaganda, adequately considered, can and should include a broad ethical determination of propaganda. (NH)

Introduces a special issue that includes papers which focus on the relationship between prosody and conversation. The papers represent different research traditions (e.g., the ethnomethodological framework of dialog analyses and report case studies, quantitative study of large corpora, experimental research using elicited or constructed speech…

Offers an overview of trends at the national and higher education levels as well as in undergraduate communication education. Examines three dominant trends (interactive teaching and learning, use of teams, and use of computer technology) which have emerged at all three levels, and encourages critical assessment of those and all other trends. (SR)

Discusses resonances and basic issues of the four language and social interaction divisions of the National Communication Association and the International Communication Association: Ethnomethodology, Conversation Analysis, Microanalysis, and the Ethnography of Speaking (EM-CA-MA-ES). (Author/VWL)

Two large collections of spontaneous transcribed speech (over 2000 conversations), one U.S. and one British, were analyzed for word repetitions. Four stages of repeated words reflect different principles, and the principles appear to be general and not specific to repeats. (SLD)

Explores alternative actions which can be produced by practices of talking associated with the action of "initiating repair": questioning terms and certain forms of repeats. Shows that initiating repair can be produced by a practice which does not ordinarily produce it. Argues that situated analysis must go hand-in-hand with more formal…

Finds (1) no clear instances of generic "he" in conversation but (2) that speakers use "they" as an unmarked singular generic pronoun. Finds some possibly-generic uses of "he" situates these within controversies about gender-fair references to women and men and concludes that conversational uses of "he" seem more various and complex (and perhaps…

Explores the range of responses undergraduate students have to hurtful messages, and identifies underlying dimensions reflecting the responses. Examines the association between people's reactions to hurt and the quality of their relationship with the person who hurt them. Investigates the influence of particular types of relationships (those…