The conception of language as an abstract form, e.g., as an algebraic equation that can be described without reference to listeners or speakers, results in practical inconsistencies. A naturalistic appraisal suggests the need to go beyond form and appeal directly to the circumstances under which verbal activity occurs. (DJD)

Responding to Arthur Blumberg's article, this article claims that Blumberg misses the opportunity to ground his argument in an already existing tradition of interpretive or hermeneutic research in supervision. The hermeneutic perspective studies human intentionality and seeks shared understanding as a goal. Includes eight references. (MLH)

Taxonomies are unavoidably infused with recommendations of what ought or ought not to be. Thus, use of descriptive taxonomies may have a normatively conservative effect independent of user intentions. The importance of taxonomies to adult education necessitates a critical understanding of their normative features. (SK)

With the advent of program theory, evaluators have begun advancing understanding of how programs function in a specific context and how generalizations of program effects are contingent upon organizational, community, and cultural settings. Program theory is described and evaluated for practicality, and a congruent theory of program evaluation is…

Reviews the dual research role of marketing education teachers. Presents a model to encourage teachers to conduct classroom research and provides suggestions for applying reported research. (JOW)

Describes the mutual and interactive growth as reflective professionals of the two authors--one a teacher-researcher and the other a researcher and teacher of teachers. (SR)

Interviewed adolescents to record personal situations they experienced concerning food, nutrition, and/or eating. Situation "movement states" were identified to determine qualitative ways in which adolescents perceived themselves as dealing with situations described. Data indicated that this theoretical base may be used by nutrition educators to…

Argues that the future tense underlies both literary criticism and the discipline of rhetoric as conceived by Aristotle and that Aristotle gives the argumentative arts a middle ground which makes them distinct and yet weds them inextricably with those claiming greater or lesser degrees of generality. (RAE)

Argues that developmental spelling theory has made primary school teachers aware that spelling is a developmental process, has heightened teachers' awareness of the important relationship between young children's early spelling and word reading efforts, and has influenced work on the use of derivational morphology in the middle grades. (RS)

The search for an explanation of day-to-day problems is the appropriate framework for describing theory. Theory and research have reciprocal relationships: Theory gives direction to research and research refines theory. Vocational education occurs in the context of many theoretical frames. Understanding this theory relatedness is important to…

Notes that the essence of the study that follows is its attention to the ways in which competing cultural viewpoints, competing possible identities, are played out in practice. Comments that by providing a detailed description of the researcher's role, the study exemplifies the reflexiveness that many see as a hallmark of practice perspectives.…

Applying Kluckhorn's Value-Orientation model using the Intercultural Values Inventory with counseling practitioners, the author hypothesized that practitioners would endorse alternatives within value orientations according to their counseling orientation and, as a group, endorse certain alternatives within value orientations over others.…

Considers the reception and use of deconstruction in the recent history of graphic design. Considers the place of graphics within the theory of deconstruction in the work of philosopher Jacques Derrida. Argues that deconstruction is not a style but a mode of questioning through and about the technologies, formal devices, social institutions and…

Presents a model for instructional design that highlights formative evaluation as the central process. Other models of instructional design are discussed; data collection methods are examined; the evaluator's role is considered; and the recursive nature of the design process is emphasized. (seven references) (LRW)

Argues that community development must be built upon the principles of lifelong learning and that Knowles's andragogical model of adult learning is applicable to that process. Suggests communities become self-directed and critically aware of external factors and dynamics. Considers the role of educators in that process. (DMM)