This study compared the use of reference cohesion in oral narratives produced by 93 students with and without learning disabilities (LD), ages 8-13 years. Results indicated significant group, age, and task effects. The specific kinds of reference cohesion problems exhibited by LD students involved accuracy of use and distance between reference…

Expresses concern with the trend in K-12 education to subsume oral communication programs under the rubric of language arts in English departments. Uses California as a case study to examine whether English teachers are integrating speech communication into the English classroom. Finds that little direct instruction in communication principles and…

Cohesion analysis has been used to investigate the language of schizophrenics and that associated with other psychiatric syndromes. Cohesion, one means of creating text, cannot account for all aspects of the pretheoretical notion of coherence. As a research tool, cohesion meets the dual criteria of an analysis of language in context and…

Reviews published research on the question of whether recipients of utterances pay attention to gesture and whether they alter their understandings of utterances in light of this. Examines both experimental and observational studies. (51 references) (MDM)

Examines Mario Cuomo's 1984 speech at Notre Dame University in which Cuomo explains the contradiction between his abortion policy and the teachings of the Catholic Church through an appeal to the separation between church and state. Evaluates his construction of the role of religious rhetoric in public policy. (SR)

Reports on an exploratory, interpretive study of campaign rhetoric, specifically the discourse surrounding opinion polls. Analyzes how candidates, their managers, and journalists reacted to polling results during the 1992 presidential race. Finds that political actors reify public opinion by speaking of survey data as though it were independent of…

Presents a critical review of the published accounts of the "Genie Case," involving psycholinguistic research conducted by Susan Curtiss and others in the 1970s with an adolescent with extremely limited language ability. The review maintains that serious discrepancies still remain in the accounts of the subject's language abilities. (21…

Argues that second language teaching that aims to foster speaking skills and natural spoken interaction should be based upon the grammar of spoken language, not on grammars that mainly reflect written norms. Using evidence from a mini-corpus of conversational English, it is shown that popular pedagogical grammars are deficient in conversational…

This case study examined the development of language skills in a bonobo and a chimpanzee raised by human caregivers since infancy, focusing on the primates' ability to comprehend simple speech, understand referential symbol use, and engage in intentionally communicative routines. It is argued that comparative results from these primates can…

Although authorities recognize the importance of pregroup preparation, few step-by-step instructions for such preparation exist. This article offers practical steps for conducting an effective pregroup screening interview. Presents steps as interdependent components that group leaders can use as a general model for conducting pregroup interviews.…

This article examines Vygotsky's and Bakhtin's work as it relates to moral reflection. A sociocultural approach based on Vygotsky's and Bakhtin's work provides the theoretical underpinnings for engaging children in authentic, critical, and reflective discourse. It is through such communicative exchanges that teachers help children develop…

Examines switches produced in spontaneous speech over a period of 15 months by 2 trilingual children acquiring Hebrew, Spanish, and English. The switches were analyzed both grammatically and according to specific sociolinguistic features. (seven references) (VWL)

A preliminary scheme for estimating the speech intelligibility of hearing-impaired speakers from acoustic parameters, using a computerized artificial neural network to process mathematically the acoustic input variables, is outlined. Tests with 60 hearing-impaired speakers found the scheme to be highly accurate in identifying speakers separated by…

Tested first, second, and fourth graders for understanding of private keys, that is, referential utterances used to inform selectively. Examined children's sensitivity to common ground context of utterance and appreciation of audience design and speaker intent. Found gradual development of understanding over age range. (BC)

Fifteen mothers read stories aloud to their young children, and analysis indicated that vowels in content words--but not function words--were significantly longer in child-directed than in adult-directed speech. It is suggested that this might contribute to the exclusion of function words during the early stages of English language development.…