With political support, Total Quality Management principles can help urban schools redefine schools' role, purpose, and responsibilities; focus on continuous improvement; plan comprehensive leadership training; create staff development confronting staff attitudes and beliefs; use research- and practice-based information to guide policy and…

This study examined the science-profession dyad of ichthyology and fisheries biology through citation analysis of the journal literature. It found that the fields overlap in the journals cited, and, although differences in citation behavior were identified, some exchange of information within the dyad was indicated. (38 references) (Author/MES)

Over its 12-year history, an arthritis patient education program evolved from a basis not grounded in theory to one tightly linked to it. As cycles of research, intervention, and evaluation produced new results, the self-management program was revised and improved. (SK)

Presents the views of four college English teachers on Joseph Harris' article on the Dartmouth Seminar published in the October 1991 issue of this journal. Notes that the seminar represented a moment in which the conflicts that define English studies were dramatized with unusual clarity. (RS)

Describes "rauding" (a combination of "reading" and "auding") as representative one of five basic reading processes that involves the comprehension of complete thoughts in sentences of textual material (the central process for understanding written or spoken language), requiring a certain minimal amount of time, and…

Asserts that more revisionist work is going on in rhetoric in the 1990s than before and that it is easier to see how the traditional, white-male-elite version of rhetoric might be reconstituted in less exclusionary forms. Focuses on needed research on women and rhetoric. Outlines some ways in which feminist research in rhetoric might proceed. (PRA)

The current movement to professionalize teaching reflects two key factors: (1) efforts by teacher educators to raise their own professional status, and (2) their efforts to develop a science of teaching. Proposed reforms may promote the rationalization of instruction through an authoritative, research-driven, standardized vision of teaching…

Presents a model of four factors differentiating significant from routine research--behavioral patterns of problem formulation, economic analyses of information seeking, psychological schemes of optimal effort, and basic dilemmas of the theory-practice gap. Within this context, four myths dominating the research process in library and information…

Explores literacy models implicit in reading instruction theory and implications of models and standardized reading tests for developmental educators. Compares outer-directed and autonomous literacy models (e.g., reading as interpretation versus technical skill; meaning occurring between reader and text versus being in text; readers in discourse…

Analyzes curricular implications regarding theoretical versus applicative preferences of students (n=119) studying a scientific-technological subject. A major conclusion relating to the curriculum designers and implementors was that even students who have difficulties with theoretical subjects stand a chance of coping with the demands of the…

Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test 3 models of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (2-, 3-, and 4-factor conceptualizations) for 11 age groups with 200 subjects per age group. The four-factor model is somewhat supported, but its theoretical or clinical importance is unclear. (SLD)

Teachers using the whole-language approach to reading instruction (instead of phonics readers and worksheets) claim this practice is child centered, allows student reading choices, develops the whole child, makes learning relevant, and promotes a lifelong love of learning. Whole-language teachers should adopt a transactional pedagogy and link…

Claims of character educators must be reexamined. Enthralled at the prospect of reducing violence, crime, and other irresponsible behavior, untutored readers may assume a direct relationship between values and behavior. If the public enthusiastically endorses programs based on this fallacious assumption, the resulting disappointment may doom all…

Considers the relationship of rhetoric to hermeneutics. Describes a practical understanding of interpretation which presents hermeneutics as a specialized application of topical invention. Reviews the historical origins of the dominance of hermeneutics over rhetoric and the split between theory and practice. (HB)

A survey of 421 licensed clinical social workers concerning continuing education needs found practice theories and practitioner roles most often identified as areas in which training is needed. Private practitioners wanted training in object relations theory more often and in supervision and cognitive theory less often than their agency-based…