Attempts to find new ways of seeing the writing and reading and talking of students who are "underprepared." Argues that, if educators are going to develop new ways of understanding students' literacy performances, they have to critically examine their assumptions about students' abilities. (MG)

Replies to commentaries on the relationship of comparative education theory and practice, addressing the beneficiaries of educational planning and policymaking, the planner's role, evaluation criteria for educational planning, choice of discipline, simplification of theory, analytical versus quantitative research, theoretical foundations of…

Evaluates well-designed cases involving students in situations which simulate those outside the classroom environment. Offers additional features based on problem solving and rhetorical theory to help make cases more adaptable to the field of professional communications. Describes examples of two types of cases which put the theory into practice.…

Discusses problems in carrying out time-series research in organizational settings that include issues of site selection; choices about data collection and degrees of involvement; the importance of clarifying research outputs, audience, and presentation; handling problems of complexity and simplicity; ethical issues; and managing a community or…

A program that encourages knowledge generation and reflection is peer-assisted leadership (PAL), where principals shadow one another and conduct reflective interviews. Principals' reactions reveal their concerns about professional isolation, their need for relevant information, their frustrations as instructional leaders, and their desire to avoid…

Examines theories and research related to notetaking and review, including levels of processing, transfer-appropriate processing, schema theory, long-term memory and forgetting, and metacognition. Reports findings from interviews with five university professors who have developed and teach courses in study skills or learning strategies regarding…

Provides student affairs practitioners with an understanding of student motivation for involvement in co-curricular activities and a method for facilitating that involvement. Contends that, by designing learning contracts to meet needs of students, practitioners can highlight learning outcomes of co-curricular activities and provide skills for…

Summarizes an action-research project in which elementary teacher candidates enrolled in required multicultural awareness class observed classroom practices and interviewed mentor teachers at Dallas-Fort Worth schools about teaching practices, lesson content, and rationales related to Black History Month. Of the 48 schools studied, only 11 planned…

Ten years ago, founders of the Key School, in Indianapolis, Indiana, studied Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and applied it to curricula for gifted and talented students. Present school benefits wide range of students and boasts seven classroom generalists and numerous full-time specialists. The model stresses all seven…

Responds to previous article by Rigazio-DiGilio on Developmental Counseling and Therapy and Systemic Cognitive-Developmental Therapy as two integrative models that unify individual, family, and network treatment within coconstructive-developmental framework. Considers extent to which model breaks impasse in integrating development into counseling…

Discusses components of children's motivation to read and learn. Presents several factors that influence student goal orientation and foster interest. Suggests that teachers emphasize learning goals instead of performance goals, ensure that children have the competence to carry out chosen literacy activities, and provide support for social…

Discusses influence of school context on effective schooling, based on observations at four Australian high schools. Generic school improvement characteristics and processes assume different meanings in practice; these meanings are shaped by school's response to particular circumstances and environmental challenges. Response has implications for…

Examines the relationship between two Chapter I teachers' reader-based beliefs about reading and their instructional decision making that took place as they planned instruction and during actual teaching episodes. Finds that participants' beliefs affected their decision making but that other factors also influenced their instructional practices.…

Studies the currently influential theories about the nature and development of the child. Questions whether these theories usefully inform educational work with specific children in particular locations. Considers how these theories affect writing instruction for children and criticizes their effects on real children. (HB)

Addresses the public presence of communication study on university campuses. Argues that communication researchers lack a clear vision about the field, which is fractured into subfields intent on internal debates rather than the public responsibility of its scholars. Suggests that communication scholars offer inchoate curricula for communication…