The importance of a good listening program in the upper-elementary grades was emphasized. Perhaps the biggest listening problem with these students, the author said, is to teach them to read as they listen. Suggestions were offered as to how to build listening skills. The separate communicative skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing…

A number of conscious and unconscious objections (e.g., "Speech instruction should be given in the home," and "spoken English should be taught incidentally in all lessons.") have contributed to the present neglect of spoken language in secondary education. We must realize that, in order to be effective, speech must be taught systematically in a…

This "working paper" offers 16 sample projects (integrated programs of work built around a central situation or idea intended to aid in the development of communication skills and the personal and social development of students) which are divided into five types: (1) minor projects--short projects which introduce the approach, built around some…

This thesis describes and discusses briefing as an efficient method for communicating reports to project management. Briefing is an oral form of communicating specific objectives, tasks, or information with accuracy, brevity, and clarity. In a small case study of Air Force briefing use, the types of briefings were divided according to the…

This study attempted to determine whether it is more effective for a speaker to cite sources of authority for any assertions he makes within a speech or whether he should simply assimilate the assertions into the text without citation. The subjects for the experiment (145 students in a basic college speech communications course) listened to two…

Efforts to change traditional methods of language teaching have brought refinements in pedagogical thinking, one recent change being that concerning teaching standard English as a second dialect. We must, the author urges, internalize the fact that a divergent dialect represents a system of its own and is not simply an accumulation of mistakes. We…

This guide consists of 135 lessons designed to teach English to speakers of other languages, or to teach standard English as a second dialect. Each lesson guides the kindergarten teacher through a day's activities. Each activity is identified with a heading, a brief descriptive paragraph, and an example of suggested dialogue. Lessons also list…

The role of the media ecologist is to interpret the effect of electric technology upon mankind and to ask long-range questions about the communication explosion. At present, great gaps exist between technology and man's ability to grasp it. Communication media not only act as channels of communication, but also have become an integral part of the…

Prior attitudes and personal involvement with the subject of a message do not necessarily affect a listener's recollection of the speech or his assessment of the speaker's position. This is the conclusion of a study in which subjects listened to messages presenting positions for, against, and neutral on the topic of legalizing the use of…

The research reported in this document shows how two junior college counselors perform "explaining what we are doing now" differently, depending on the social personage or identity of the student, and identifies the social meaning of different forms of "explaining what we are doing now." It shows how in formulating, counselors can say more than…

There is valid criticism that contest debate practices constitute both a reality gap between contest debate and actual public communication, and a closed feedback loop among coaches, judges, and debaters. However, remedial and preventive action is possible if forensics directors are highly motivated to work within a broad program of communication…

This book suggests new approaches to the role played by communication in social conflict situations. In "A Transactional Paradigm of Verbalized Social Conflict," C. David Mortensen calls for a transactional approach to the study of communication and conflict. Fred Jandt's "Communication and the Simulation of Social Conflict" stresses the…

While sequencing of speaking turns occurs in both adult and child systems, the adult system is elaborated by nonverbal signaling of speaker/listener roles and is constrained by expectations of speaking turns responsive to a shared topic. Children's speaking turns are not accompanied regularly by nonverbal signals; the speaker role does not require…

This text seeks to sensitize teachers and administrators to the language problems faced by culturally different children, to sharpen and broaden their perspectives regarding the relationship between language and culture, and to help them devise effective strategies for teaching language skills. The text is divided into three major sections. Part…

This study was designed to compare Negro dialect-speaking first graders' comprehension of material presented in standard English and in Negro dialect. Thirty boys and 30 girls from Title 1 schools in a ghetto area were randomly assigned to a standard English or a Negro dialect treatment group after being stratified as male and female and as high,…