The development of children's metalinguistic understanding of the basic unit of reading--the word--was examined. Subjects were 45 children from preschool, kindergarten, and first grade who were reclassified according to reading ability (nonreadiness, readiness, reader). The children's understanding of the word as a linguistic segment was measured…

AUDITORY PERCEPTION, WHICH INCLUDES AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION AND AUDITORY MEMORY, IS DISCUSSED AND CLARIFIED IN RELATION TO LEARNING TO READ. THE FACTORS ARE DISCUSSED AS PERCEPTUAL QUALITIES WHICH ARE PART OF AN AURAL INPUT PATHWAY. INITIAL DATA FROM A LONGITUDINAL STUDY TO TEST THE EFFECT OF AUDITORY MEMORY AND DISCRIMINATION ON BEGINNING READING…

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOUR METHODS OF INCREASING READING RATE, COMPREHENSION, AND FLEXIBILITY WAS STUDIED. TWO HUNDRED FIFTY-FIVE FRESHMEN AT SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY SERVED AS SUBJECTS. TWENTY-FIVE LESSONS WERE GIVEN OVER A 6-WEEK PERIOD. SUBJECTS WERE TESTED IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING COMPLETION OF THE LESSONS AND AGAIN AFTER 8 WEEKS. THE METHODS OF…

A VARIETY OF READING MATERIALS AND METHODS WERE DEVELOPED TO DETERMINE THEIR EFFECT ON THE READING ACHIEVEMENT OF FIRST GRADERS. MATERIALS DEVELOPED INCLUDED READING READINESS MANUALS, PRIMER TEXTS AND MANUALS, AND LISTENING TAPES. THE FIRST-GRADE PUPILS IN 10 LOS ANGELES SCHOOLS SERVED AS SUBJECTS. THEY WERE MATCHED WITH A CONTROL GROUP ON…

A PILOT JUNIOR HIGH SUMMER SCHOOL PROGRAM, PARTIALLY FUNDED BY THE U.S. OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY AND DESIGNED TO PROVIDE STUDENTS FROM ECONOMICALLY AND CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED AREAS OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING THEIR SKILLS IN LANGUAGE ARTS (PARTICULARLY READING) AND ARITHMETIC, WAS EVALUATED AFTER ITS INITIATION IN THE OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA,…

FIFTEEN MASTER'S THESES ON READING AND 13 ON THE EDUCATION OF THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED, COMPLETED AT THE CARDINAL STRITCH COLLEGE, MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, IN 1965 ARE SUMMARIZED IN VOLUME 7 IN A SERIES OF RESEARCH ABSTRACTS. THE READING STUDIES--DEALING WITH KINDERGARTEN, ELEMENTARY, SECONDARY, AND COLLEGE STUDENTS--ARE FOCUSED ON BIBLIOTHERAPY,…

THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PREREADING MEASURES OF AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION AND READING ACHIEVEMENT AT THE END OF FIRST GRADE ARE REPORTED. DATA WERE GATHERED ON 632 PUPILS IN THE MINNEAPOLIS PUBLIC SCHOOLS WHO WERE ADMINISTERED SEVEN TESTS OF AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION SELECTED FROM PUBLISHED READING READINESS TESTS AND A GROUP INTELLIGENCE TEST AT THE…

The diagnostic potential of a structured cloze test used in the reading measure of the New York State Regents Competency Testing Program was examined. Two passages at the third and fifth grade levels were administered to 12 low achieving fifth grade students, first in a standardized cloze format requiring the students to generate responses and…

Language studies examining the language-thought relationship are important as are those that study other psychological factors concerned with the storage of knowledge. Since language is a product of the social process, it is important to consider that the meaning intended by the sender of the message (author) may not be the meaning decoded by the…

Based on college students' grade point averages (GPA) and their scores on the Nelson-Denny Reading Tests and the Joy Combining Forms Test, a multiple classification analysis of variance was performed to determine the effects of three different methods of vocabulary instruction on student achievement in a reading and study skills course. The…

Reading success is closely related to paradigmatic and syntagmatic language responses. It is believed that a child who makes paradigmatic associations communicates and thinks in the language of the teacher while a child who makes syntagmatic responses is hampered in the learning situation. To determine how good (normal) and poor (retarded) readers…

Seeking to discover how comprehensively and systematically one significant category of semantic elements is taught in current reading instructional material, a study surveyed the teaching and use of prefixes in the teachers' guides, readers, and workbooks (grades two to six) of six major reading series. Findings indicated that many of the most…

Reading can be defined as a meaningful interaction with a print setting. Interactive models of reading assume that lower level and higher level processing occurs simultaneously, interacting with each other. The familiarity of the book, the context in which a sign occurs, and the illustrations of a book are all examples of print setting cues that…

It is estimated that approximately 15% of the school children in the United States have reading problems, while only about 1% of students in Japan have such difficulties. A joint study was conducted by researchers in the two countries to identify possible causes for this difference. Subjects were 61 Japanese kindergarten students in an urban…

Since a review of the literature shows that reading comprehension is primarily a reasoning, thinking process, a procedure called P. L. O. R. E.--an acronym for predicting, locating, organizing, remembering, and evaluating textual material--is suggested as offering a sound theoretical framework on which to base active comprehension instruction.…