A procedure is outlined showing how the axiom of local independence for latent structure models can be weakened. (CK)

Relations between maximum likelihood factor analysis and factor indeterminacy are discussed. (CK)

Described is a student-discovered algorithm for solving a problem involving division by a fraction. (RS)

Facts are given about the ninth-century Arab mathematician Al-Khwarizmi, from whose name the word algorithm is derived. His influence on algebra and arithmetic are discussed. (MNS)

Discusses the notion that knowledge grows exponentially and describes its growth mathematically by an exponential function. Growth patterns in subfields of knowledge or research areas are described citing related research. Interpretation of growth rate statistics and forecasts are included. Thirty-three references and statistics used for graphs…

The general algorithm used in most hand calculators to approximate elementary functions is discussed. Comments on tabular function values and on computer function evaluation are given first; then the CORDIC (Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer) scheme is described. (MNS)

The details of EM algorithms for maximum likelihood factor analysis are presented for both the exploratory and confirmatory models. An example is presented to demonstrate potential problems in other approaches to maximum likelihood factor analysis. (Author/JKS)

The practicality of using the EM algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation of item parameters in the marginal distribution is presented. The EM procedure is shown to apply to general item-response models. (Author/JKS)

Studies how monetary-incentive effects might be mediated by anxiety. College students (N=52) were administered six backward digit trails in a preexperimental, baseline phase and six trials in an experimental, test phase. Results showed the offer of reward did not elevate state anxiety scores and did improve performance. (Author)

Reports on a study that found people could follow instructions from flowcharts or lists more quickly and accurately than from prose. (HOD)

Formulas for the standard error of measurement of three measures of change (simple differences; residualized difference scores; and a measure introduced by Tucker, Damarin, and Messick) are derived. A practical guide for determining the relative error of the three measures is developed. (Author/JKS)