Examines the creative writing of 180 elementary school children for gender and age differences. Stories were analyzed for assignment of physical actions and problem-solver roles to characters as well as for story theme. Findings support conclusions that stereotypic attitudes toward sex-roles prevail and are evident in children's stories.…

Describes three pairs of lessons in which the same skill taught to the same kinds of students by identically trained teachers result in noticeable differences in what students remember following instruction. Focuses on how student understanding of lesson content is influenced by relatively subtle differences in what a teacher says. (HOD)

Research on aging has contributed toward undermining negative stereotypes. In the last 20 years, the sociology of age has developed as a field that deals not only with growing old, but also with growing older from birth onward. The new role of grandparents is described. (MLW)

Reviews the research literature on the abilities of infants to categorize visual information on dot patterns; schematic faces; hue; and orientation. (HOD)

The National Collegiate Flying Association's annual national competition in flight skills and safety involves competition among flight-trained college students and teams in precision landing with and without engines, cross-country navigation, flight-computer accuracy, message drops, preflight inspection proficiency, and aircraft recognition. (MSE)

Examines children's posters about alcohol and its effect, to gain insight into children's attitudes and values to alcohol. Results focus upon themes and age and sex differences. Implications for alcohol education programs are given. (Author/BL)

Because young children have poorer auditory temporal resolution than older children, a study measured the auditory filters of two 6-year-olds, two 10-year-olds, and two adults by having them detect a 400-ms sinusoid centered in a spectral notch in a band of noise. (HOD)

Describes two studies in which young children were shown pictures that represented sound with postures and contexts, with conventions, and with combinations of information. Shows that the different types of pictorial representation of sound were not equivalent in their ability to evoke a correct interpretation. (HOD)

The effect of the location, in picture or text, of spatial, contextual, and operational information on comprehension was evaluated. Results showed that textual presentation of spatial information produced fewer errors, pictorial presentation reduced performance times, and pictorial presentation of contextual information reduced assembly times and…

Reviews recent studies of change in gender-stereotyped behavior or attitudes in children. Suggests factors in susceptibility to counterstereotyping attempts including: (1) developmental level, (2) relationship between sex role cognitions and behavior, (3) degree of consistency in gender-stereotyped behavior, and (4) the role of individual…

Demonstrates how high or low levels of adult structuring of activities during free play activities can induce sex-typed social behavior by preschool children. Examines the effects of naturally occurring variations in children's play on sex-typed social behaviors. (SA)

Past research has suggested memory, writing speed, and paired-associate learning rate to be important in WISC-R (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Revised) coding performance. Suggested that visual perceptual factors also may be important and that coding performance in right-handed persons may be especially sensitive to integrity of the…

Applies the analytic technique of maximum likelihood factor analysis to the intercorrelations of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised's subtests as a means for assessing more or less differentiation and integration. (HOD)

Identifies the principle types of cognitive and affective influences which contribute to the development of an individual's conceptual framework. Explains how external influences affect a child's interpretation of the environment. Urges that multidimensional experiences be offered to children and that students' perceptual levels, personal…

Reports findings of a study on the self-reported incidents of sexual harassment of students in four scientific fields. Of the 101 written descriptions of harassment, 38 occurred at or before high school. As women continue their educations, their chances of encountering harassment from teachers are likely to increase. (Author/SA)