During the heightened self-consciousness of adolescence, reevaluation and modifications in self-perceptions and sex-role orientations generally take place. Therefore, a developmental perspective is needed to investigate the adoption of sex-typed, cross sex-typed, or non sex-typed attitudes and behaviors. Young women (N=226) responded to a…

Intimacy exists when there is an open sharing of feelings, thoughts, and activities. Most men, because of their sex role socialization, have difficulty in establishing intimate relationships with men or women. The socialized value of competition, along with the barriers of homophobia, aversion to openness, and lack of role models, are major…

Broad areas of teacher center directors' roles and responsibilities were identified through an examination of their perceptions of job expectations, time spent on activities, and their frustrations and concerns. A survey elicited responses on six categories of job responsibilities: program development, service to teachers, administration, public…

Underrepresentation of women in higher status, traditionally male occupations has been attributed to sex-role socialization and to discrimination. Female students entering traditionally male professions may suffer many of the same pressures that have prevented other women from entering these fields. Undergraduate women (N=64) and men (N=21) in…

Although many educational institutions and private groups have offered experiences to encourage androgyny among participants, research dealing with such efforts has generally found no significant changes. The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) was administered to 2 groups of 30 undergraduate women enrolled in the same women's studies course at the…

Major specializations in the discipline of physical education are often identified by the terms: history of physical education; exercise physiology, biomechanics, motor development, motor learning, sport psychology, and sport sociology. In this text, two chapters are provided on each of these specialized areas. One chapter describes the emergence…

The relationship of eye movements while watching television to reading ability, cognitive style, and mode of presentation was studied using as subjects 85 third-grade children who had been classified as good or poor readers by scores on the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test; their cognitive style was measured by the Children's Embedded Figures which…

A study was designed to examine an underlying assumption regarding the use of the semantic differential in measuring the credibility and homophily of a communicator, namely, that responses to an ideal source position themselves at one extreme end of the scale, reflecting the monotonic function of the instrument such that the highest response…

The more a girl discusses an idea, the more likely she is to believe and practice the idea. With this as a basic premise, this document (prepared for parents and adult leaders) lists discussion topics or other kinds of activities that will help young girls explore several concepts. (1) Many forces tell a girl that she needs to improve or change…

This booklet contains two papers on sex role identification and a description of a Big Brothers program to provide male models for boys whose fathers no longer live with them. The first paper explores the ways that children learn and confirm their sex roles. A rationale for the development of more androgynous sex roles is also presented. The…

The main purpose of this study was to address this question: When preschool children are exposed to novel objects, will their tactual and verbal information-seeking about these objects and the amount of information they remember about these same objects be influenced by whether an adult labels them as things "for girls" or "for…

A study was conducted to examine the influence of a job applicant's sex, marital status, and parental status on evaluation of competence. One hundred eighty-four female and one hundred eighty-four male college students were given a completed job application and an article written by an applicant. The job applicant was described to the subjects in…

Television's messages about sex role behavior were analyzed by collecting and coding spot samples of the ten top ranked programs in prime viewing time and proportionate numbers of daytime soap operas and Saturday morning children's programs. The content analysis was based on a relational coding system developed to assess interpersonal…

A 3 year evaluation report is presented on an Interactive Classroom Television System (ITCS), which creates a visual classroom environment for partially sighted elementary school students (study N=24) using the magnification, brightness, and contrast capabilities of television cameras and monitors. It is explained that the system allows teachers…

Thirteen manuscripts and extended reports on the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation, and practical applications of research are presented in this status report on speech research for the period of July-December 1979. The topics dealt with include speech perception, children's memory for sentences and word strings in relation…