A review of optometry's twentieth-century history looks at curriculum standardization and recognition of the doctorate in Optometry, federal legislation, public health movement, optometry in universities, use of pharmaceuticals, the primary care concept, Optometry in group health care, growth of professional publications, and entry into health…

By reviewing the training of medical professionals, one can identify similarities to the preparation of education professionals (teachers). On a basic level, the medicine and education fields are both practice-oriented; require individuals with problem-solving, decision-making, and interpersonal skills; depend on information bases that multiply…

The Kellogg Foundation's Community Partnerships in Health Professions Education, a program designed to increase multidisciplinary, comprehensive, cost-effective primary care teams in communities, uses an organizational structure linking academic medical education with communities. The new structures have resulted in new curricula and other…

A discussion of the state of dental hygiene education looks at the practitioner supply and demand, enrollment trends, student characteristics, changes in admissions and program design, necessary curriculum expansion, financial pressures on institutions, manpower shortages in dentistry in general, and lack of innovation in recent years. (MSE)

This study examined three districts that redesigned teaching, two with career ladders and one with shared governance. The reforms, both professional and bureaucratic, had important consequences for the process and outcomes of the redesign of teaching. Discrete organizational and political factors were identified. (TJH)

Evaluates Temple University (Pennsylvania) dental school's five-year (1992-97) plan for development of academic computing, including promotion of faculty computer literacy, student computer literacy, and computer-assisted instruction. All goals except implementation of computer-aided instruction have been met. Findings have implications for the…

This study used qualitative methods, including observation, unstructured interviews, and questionnaires, for analyzing the vocational English-language-instruction needs of hotel maids. Methods and sources (maids, supervisor, executive housekeeper, human resources staff) were triangulated to determine reliability. An unbalanced distribution of…

A study explored the notion that moral reasoning skills are important to the provision of pharmaceutical care. It compared the moral reasoning skills of two classes of pharmacy students with those of practitioners who scored high on measures of pharmaceutical care and clinical decision making. Implications for pharmacy school admissions and…

The influence of ability, self-efficacy, positivity of role-modeling, and role conflict on higher-level career aspirations was investigated among women majoring in (1) mathematics, physical science, engineering; and (2) biological sciences. Differences between the two groups fit the model. Findings suggest interventions to increase women's…

The proceedings of the annual meeting of the American Association of Dental Schools include the president's annual report, president-elect's and executive director's addresses, a summary of proceedings, the revised constitution, a list of competencies for entry into the dental hygiene profession, association bylaws, member administrators,…

Reviews the history of postdoctoral programs in dentistry and medicine, focusing on postdoctoral general dentistry education, and describes the changing health-care environment in which future dental professionals will practice, relating the dental postdoctoral experience to that in medicine. A strategy is presented to prepare dental practitioners…

Argues that contemporary society is increasingly experiencing a loss of social capital. Maintains that this loss takes expression in the increasing tendency, as reflected in school reforms and restructuring, of regarding teachers' work in technical terms. Advocates regarding teaching as a social practice in which there is greater emphasis on…

A discussion of tenure for clinical faculty in optometric education looks at traditional eligibility requirements, administrative and political aspects of tenure policy, ways in which medical schools have addressed clinical faculty tenure, how clinical faculty are "essential" faculty, responsibilities of administration to clinical faculty and of…

A discussion of dental education focuses on what constitutes competency-based education and how such a curriculum is designed. Topics addressed include desirable learning events at various stages in the learning continuum; program components; definition and assessment of outcomes; interdisciplinarity; focus on the entry-level practitioner's needs…

Investigates women headteachers' professional identity and leadership styles, returning readers to the late 19th century, when the first (British) secondary schools for girls were established. Explores various issues, such as sensible dress, girls' sports, health education, and extracurricular activities, employing case studies of three Birmingham…