Lawrence Walker's (1984) meta-analysis of 108 samples concluded that there are no sex differences in stages of moral reasoning. This paper reviews Walker's work and points out that some of his analyses, however, are controversial and favored unwarranted conclusions. Walker neither tested the hypothesis that males are more advanced than females in…

Five different metaphors of evaluation are discussed: judging, criticizing, assessing, appraising, rating; the faculty can be evaluated for appointment, tenure, promotion, salary, termination, improvement. Faculty can be evaluated for research, teaching, and service, and they can be evaluated by other faculty, administrators, students, and outside…

Catholic universities and colleges are challenged to retain a lively sense of their Catholic identity and to fulfill their specific responsibilities to the Church and to society. Theology is a search to understand more clearly the heritage of faith preserved, transmitted and made explicit by the Church. (MLW)

Examines the effect of the severity and causal nature of initial provocation on seventy-two five- to ten-year-old children's retaliation judgments. Children's perceptions of the provocation were more differentiated than those that had previously been reported. Evaluation of the retaliator varied systematically according to perceptions of the…

Found peer-counseling training for Black students in a predominantly White university to be significant in furthering psychological growth. There was movement in the areas of moral reasoning and ego development as measured by the Defining Issues Test and the Sentence Completion Test. Advocates providing programs aimed at improving psychological…

Outlines specific steps for implementing and validating a qualitative methodology designed to evaluate rural areas' special education programs serving students with severe special needs. Provides a rationale for use of the elements of aesthetic criticism as the basis of the methodology and discusses practical limitations and usefulness of the…

Evaluated the validity of Kohlberg's model and measure in a cross-cultural context and assessed the cultural uniqueness of social-moral reasoning among 92 Israeli kibbutz adolescents. Developmental findings strongly supported validity of Kohlberg's structural-developmental understanding of moral judgment. Stage change was found to be upward,…

Argues that carefully selected, adolescent novels can foster young people's moral development and describes the four essential characteristics such books should display: a moral dilemma, identified alternatives, moral reasoning, and a moral decision. (HOD)

Major findings were (1) White subjects and males in this investigation were reared in an ideologically nondirectional situation, making them relativistic in their moral judgments; (2) Black subjects and females followed a directional process resulting in a moral realistic orientation; and (3) socioeconomic factors did not bear strongly on the type…

This document presents the proceedings of the Reinvention Center's second major conference, "Integrating Research into Undergraduate Education: The Value Added," co-sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation. The goal of the conference was to distill the distinct characteristics of the…

This paper examines the phenomena of shame and shaming from both psychological and sociocultural perspectives. Shame is generally viewed as a private, self-conscious experience in which individuals feel that a weakness or vulnerability has been exposed not only to others but also to themselves leaving them feeling deficient and humiliated. Shaming…

Measured the effect of confidentiality, parental influence, and peer influence on the moral judgment of ninth-grade students (N=274). Participants completed the Defining Issues Test and were told results would be either confidential or shared with parents or peers. Results suggest the moral judgment of ninth graders is not stable. (JAC)

Reports the results of a five-year case study of the use of online tools, including the Internet, e-mail, and the World Wide Web, in a graduate School of Education. Highlights include use of activity theory as a conceptual framework; self-efficacy and perceived value; scaffolding; and recommendations for future developments. (Author/LRW)

Examines research and theory relative to the process of moral judgment development within the family environment. Analyzes the family's unique contribution to the development of moral judgment, the role of modeling by family members, and the ideal familial environment. Implications for moral education are addressed. (KO)

Two studies explored preschool, second-, and fifth-grade children's moral and dispositional judgments as influenced by an actor's efforts. Findings indicated that older children's judgments and predictions reflected coordination of the actor's effort with information about the actor's anticipated goal. Preschool children focused more on the…